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BusinessWeek June 21, 2004 Larry Armstrong	Who's The Real Mr. Chips? The work of three scientists gave birth to transistors -- and to Silicon Valley.
IEEE Spectrum December 2007	Happy Birthday, Fairchild As Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. celebrates its 50th anniversary, we recognize the contributions and advancements they have made to electronics.
IEEE Spectrum December 2006 Michael Riordan	How Bell Labs Missed the Microchip The man who pioneered the transistor never appreciated its full potential
IEEE Spectrum November 2005 Michael Riordan	How Europe Missed The Transistor The most important invention of the 20th century was conceived not just once, but twice.
IEEE Spectrum July 2005 Michael Riordan	The End of AT&T In 1974 AT&T was the world's largest corporation and research arm Bell Labs provided a constant flow of technological break-throughs due to long-term stable funding. There is no comparable situation today.
IEEE Spectrum November 2005	Brothers of Invention In 1948, inventing what Matare and Welker called the transistron months after the AT&T team had already gotten the job done with its revolutionary device wasn't going to win them a Nobel Prize. But their achievement is worth much more than just a historical footnote.
IEEE Spectrum December 2007 Michael Riordan	The Silicon Dioxide Solution How physicist Jean Hoerni built the bridge from the transistor to the integrated circuit.
InternetNews February 2, 2005 Michael Singer	HP's 'Crossbar Latch' to Replace Transistors? The company's Quantum Science Research group comes up with new signal technology that could power computers.
InternetNews December 7, 2004 Michael Singer	IBM Perks Up Memory, Transistors The company shrinks its SRAM and adds a dash of germanium fuel to its chips.
Chemistry World July 3, 2012 Simon Perks	Ultrafast transistors created in a vacuum Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh, US, have come up with a new type of transistor that uses a vacuum to conduct electrons a hundred times faster than the conventional solid-state version.
IEEE Spectrum May 2005 Berlin & Casey	Robert Noyce and the Tunnel Diode A 50-year-old notebook reveals the seed of a great invention.
Technology Research News January 28, 2004	Nanotubes tied to silicon circuit Connecting minuscule nanotube transistors to traditional silicon transistors enables the atomic-scale electronics to communicate with existing electronic equipment.
InternetNews January 16, 2007 David Needle	HP Claims Chip Advance Researchers say nanotechnology has let them pack many more transistors into chips.
PC World December 3, 2001 Martyn Williams	AMD Announces Another Chip Advance Company's new transistor is five times smaller than current models, leading to faster and more complex chips...
PC World September 12, 2002 James Niccolai	Tomorrow's CPU: Wireless Link Inside Intel finds new ways to shrink, speed chips, plus build in radio functions.
InternetNews December 13, 2004 Michael Singer	Chipmakers Advance Transistor Technology IBM and AMD have devised a new silicon transistor technology they claim will boost the speeds of single- and dual-core chips.
Chemistry World February 5, 2007 Lionel Milgrom	Hafnium Oxide Helps Make Chips Smaller and Faster Intel and IBM have announced that they will use dramatically different materials to build smaller, faster transistors for their next generation of chips.
Technology Research News December 17, 2003	Organic transistors get small Researchers from Cornell University have shown that it is possible to fabricate useful organic thin film transistors that have a channel length as small as 30 nanometers. The smaller the channel, the faster the transistor. Previously, organic TFT channel lengths were limited to about 100 nm.
Technology Research News January 26, 2005	Metals Speed Clear Circuits Researchers have improved the performance of a new type of transparent transistor. The zinc tin oxide thin-film transistor is transparent, difficult to scratch, and conducts electricity an order of magnitude faster than previous efforts using the same class of material.
Technology Research News March 9, 2005	Nanotubes Boost Molecular Devices Researchers have constructed an extremely small transistor from a pair of single-walled carbon nanotubes and organic molecules. The tiny transistor could eventually be used in ultra-low-power electronics.
IEEE Spectrum February 2006 Holonyak & Feng	The Transistor Laser Ultrafast transistors that output optical and electrical signals open a new computing frontier.
Technology Research News February 26, 2003	Stamp bangs out plastic circuits Today's transistors are etched from silicon wafers in a multi-step process that involves laser beams, chemicals and clean rooms. A simpler process would make for cheaper computer chips, and a gentler process would allow for transistors of different materials.
BusinessWeek April 18, 2005 Adam Aston	The Coming Chip Revolution Facing the limits of silicon, scientists are turning to carbon nanotubes. But even with a reliable supply of tubes, scaling up production to supply a vast global industry will take years.
Technology Research News October 22, 2003	Nanowires boost plastic circuits The move is on to develop flexible, cheap, plastic electronics, but so far organic circuits have fallen far short of silicon chip performance. Researchers from the Hahn-Meitner Institute in Germany have moved the field forward with a new way to make flexible transistors.
The Motley Fool January 29, 2007 Jack Uldrich	IBM and Intel Install a New Gatekeeper Changes to transistor components will keep Moore's Law running smoothly. Which companies stand to come out on top? Investors, take note.
IEEE Spectrum April 2006 Michael Riordan	The Men Who Made the Microchip Two books spell out Silicon Valley's origins: The Man Behind the Microchip: Robert Noyce and the Invention of Silicon Valley by Leslie Berlin... Making Silicon Valley: Innovation and the Growth of High Tech, 1930-1970 by Christopher Lecuyer...
IEEE Spectrum November 2007 Sarah Adee	Transistors Go Vertical The semiconductor industry fights silicon sprawl by building up, not out. Today's CMOS transistor is planar, but chip makers are exploring more power-efficient three-dimensional structures as well as a planar structure with two gates.
IEEE Spectrum August 2005 Justin Mullins	Shedding Light On Organic Transistors The first single-crystal organic transistor that can be switched on and off by light is giving physicists a unique peek into the way photons interact with organic semiconductors. The new device could have a major impact on the way OLED displays are manufactured.
IEEE Spectrum October 2007 Bohr et al.	The High-k Solution Microprocessors coming out this fall are the result of the first big redesign in CMOS transistors since the late 1960s.
IEEE Spectrum December 2007 Joshua J Romero	Japanese Engineers Turn High-k Dielectric Transistor Problem on Its Head One gate metal and two high-k dielectrics could mean a cheaper and easier 45-nanometer CMOS manufacturing process for transistors.
Technology Research News April 7, 2004 Eric Smalley	Angle speeds plastic transistor Going with the flow is a good way to pick up speed, particularly for plastic transistors. Rotating the crystal 180 degrees can change the transistor's performance by as much as 3.5 times.
IEEE Spectrum April 2012 Liu et al.	MEMS Switches for Low-Power Logic A modern twist on a trusted old technology -- the electromechanical relay -- could lead to ultralow-power chips
IEEE Spectrum January 2007 Samuel K. Moore	Masters of Memory Swiss firm Innovative Silicon crams 5 megabytes of RAM into the space of one. Their chip is called called Z-RAM, and if it grabs even a little piece of the on-chip memory market, it will change the ground rules for microprocessor design and will quickly become a company to be reckoned with.
IEEE Spectrum January 2008 Sarah Adee	Winner: The Ultimate Dielectric Is...Nothing IBM packs wires in vacuum to speed chips and save power.
IEEE Spectrum May 2013 Alexander Hellemans	Nanowire Transistors Could Keep Moore's Law Alive Researchers are perfecting ways to produce gate-all-around devices
IEEE Spectrum January 2012 Rachel Courtland	Start-up Seeks New Life for Planar Transistors SuVolta is pursuing precision doping in its bid to compete with 3-D transistor technology
IEEE Spectrum May 2011 Keane & Kim	Transistor Aging Measuring the degradation of microprocessors is tricky. Doing it better would unleash more processing power.
Industrial Physicist Theis & Coufal	How IBM Sustains the Leading Edge Although we constantly focus on the market, IBM Research has also produced a remarkable string of scientific firsts in physics and in other fields of science and engineering.
Technology Research News November 5, 2003	Process prints silicon circuits Researchers from Princeton University have demonstrated a way to use a flexible stamp to print thin-film transistors. The researchers' eventual goal is to directly print electronics on flexible surfaces.
Technology Research News June 4, 2003 Kimberly Patch	Plastic transistors go vertical Researchers from the University of Cambridge in England have brought inexpensive, practical organic transistors a step closer to your grocery cart by devising a pair of processes that form small, vertical transistors from layers of printed polymer.
Scientific American October 17, 2005 Charles Q. Choi	Transistor Flow Control At the heart of modern electronics are transistors, which act like valves to direct the flow of electrons. Now researchers have created the first transistors that electrically control molecules instead.
IEEE Spectrum May 2011 Robert W. Lucky	Are Social Technologies Really Invented? Networks like Facebook are innovative, but inevitable.
Bio-IT World August 13, 2002 John Dodge	Let's get Small Nanotechnology raises the bar for semiconductors as chips near single-digit nanometer proportions.
Technology Research News June 18, 2003	See-through circuits closer The transparent computer displays featured in the film Minority Report were made possible by special effects, but real-world transparent electronics are on the horizon.
The Motley Fool March 30, 2006 Jack Uldrich	IBM's Teeny Tiny Transistors Big Blue's new nanocircuit suggests that carbon nanotubes will soon be employed in hybrid computer circuit devices.
PC Magazine February 1, 2006 Sebastian Rupley	Minding Moore's Law More speed and less power draw are the main mantras in the semiconductor business, and Intel, in partnership with QinetiQ, has developed new transistors to advance both goals.
IEEE Spectrum November 2007 Samuel K. Moore	Intel 45-Nanometer Penryn Processors Arrive Penryn chips are the result of the first fundamental redesign of the CMOS transistor
IEEE Spectrum November 2011 Ahmed & Schuegraf	Transistor Wars Rival architectures face off in a bid to keep Moore's Law alive. In May, Intel announced the most dramatic change to the architecture of the transistor since the device was invented.
Technology Research News June 4, 2003	DNA part makes transistor Researchers from the University of Lecce in Italy and the University of Bologna in Italy have produced a transistor made from a derivative of one of the four bases that make up DNA.
IEEE Spectrum October 2006 Brian R. Santo	Acronym Addiction When you live on the cutting edge of technology, there are, literally, no words to describe it. Instead we have acronyms. Lots and lots of acronyms. ABT... BEOL... CSP... etc.