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IEEE Spectrum July 2005 Michael Riordan	The End of AT&T In 1974 AT&T was the world's largest corporation and research arm Bell Labs provided a constant flow of technological break-throughs due to long-term stable funding. There is no comparable situation today.
IEEE Spectrum December 2007	Happy Birthday, Fairchild As Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. celebrates its 50th anniversary, we recognize the contributions and advancements they have made to electronics.
IEEE Spectrum November 2005 Michael Riordan	How Europe Missed The Transistor The most important invention of the 20th century was conceived not just once, but twice.
IEEE Spectrum December 2007 Michael Riordan	The Silicon Dioxide Solution How physicist Jean Hoerni built the bridge from the transistor to the integrated circuit.
IEEE Spectrum April 2006 Michael Riordan	The Men Who Made the Microchip Two books spell out Silicon Valley's origins: The Man Behind the Microchip: Robert Noyce and the Invention of Silicon Valley by Leslie Berlin... Making Silicon Valley: Innovation and the Growth of High Tech, 1930-1970 by Christopher Lecuyer...
BusinessWeek June 21, 2004 Larry Armstrong	Who's The Real Mr. Chips? The work of three scientists gave birth to transistors -- and to Silicon Valley.
CIO November 15, 2001 Stephanie Overby	Little Giants The transistor's evolution to modern-day silicon chip spans more than 60 years...
IEEE Spectrum October 2007 Bohr et al.	The High-k Solution Microprocessors coming out this fall are the result of the first big redesign in CMOS transistors since the late 1960s.
IEEE Spectrum September 2008 Peide D. Ye	Beyond Silicon's Elemental Logic In the quest for speed, key parts of micro-processors may soon be made of gallium arsenide or other III-V semiconductors
IEEE Spectrum December 2009 Samuel K. Moore, Neil Savage	The Nobel Prize and Its Discontents Some imaging pioneers have a problem with the Nobel committee
IEEE Spectrum October 2011 Ozpinec & Tolbert	Silicon Carbide: Smaller, Faster, Tougher Meet the material that will supplant silicon in hybrid cars and the electric grid
IEEE Spectrum November 2011 Ahmed & Schuegraf	Transistor Wars Rival architectures face off in a bid to keep Moore's Law alive. In May, Intel announced the most dramatic change to the architecture of the transistor since the device was invented.
IEEE Spectrum December 2007 Joshua J Romero	Japanese Engineers Turn High-k Dielectric Transistor Problem on Its Head One gate metal and two high-k dielectrics could mean a cheaper and easier 45-nanometer CMOS manufacturing process for transistors.
IEEE Spectrum April 2012 Liu et al.	MEMS Switches for Low-Power Logic A modern twist on a trusted old technology -- the electromechanical relay -- could lead to ultralow-power chips
BusinessWeek August 27, 2009 Adrian Slywotzky	Where Have You Gone, Bell Labs? Here's how basic research and strong leadership can repair the broken U.S. business model.
IEEE Spectrum October 2006 Brian R. Santo	Acronym Addiction When you live on the cutting edge of technology, there are, literally, no words to describe it. Instead we have acronyms. Lots and lots of acronyms. ABT... BEOL... CSP... etc.
IEEE Spectrum January 2007 Samuel K. Moore	Masters of Memory Swiss firm Innovative Silicon crams 5 megabytes of RAM into the space of one. Their chip is called called Z-RAM, and if it grabs even a little piece of the on-chip memory market, it will change the ground rules for microprocessor design and will quickly become a company to be reckoned with.
IEEE Spectrum May 2011 Wager & Hoffman	Thin, Fast, and Flexible Semiconductors Amorphous oxide semiconductors promise to make flat-panel displays faster and sharper than today's silicon standby.
BusinessWeek August 27, 2009 Adrian Slywotzky	How Science Can Create Millions of New Jobs Reigniting basic research can repair the broken U.S. business model and put Americans back to work.
Industrial Physicist Theis & Coufal	How IBM Sustains the Leading Edge Although we constantly focus on the market, IBM Research has also produced a remarkable string of scientific firsts in physics and in other fields of science and engineering.
IEEE Spectrum July 2012 Miguel Miranda	The Threat of Semiconductor Variability As transistors shrink, the problem of chip variability grows
IEEE Spectrum February 2006 Holonyak & Feng	The Transistor Laser Ultrafast transistors that output optical and electrical signals open a new computing frontier.
IEEE Spectrum May 2011 Keane & Kim	Transistor Aging Measuring the degradation of microprocessors is tricky. Doing it better would unleash more processing power.
IEEE Spectrum January 2012 Rachel Courtland	Start-up Seeks New Life for Planar Transistors SuVolta is pursuing precision doping in its bid to compete with 3-D transistor technology
InternetNews December 7, 2004 Michael Singer	IBM Perks Up Memory, Transistors The company shrinks its SRAM and adds a dash of germanium fuel to its chips.
Chemistry World July 3, 2012 Simon Perks	Ultrafast transistors created in a vacuum Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh, US, have come up with a new type of transistor that uses a vacuum to conduct electrons a hundred times faster than the conventional solid-state version.
IEEE Spectrum November 2007 Sarah Adee	Transistors Go Vertical The semiconductor industry fights silicon sprawl by building up, not out. Today's CMOS transistor is planar, but chip makers are exploring more power-efficient three-dimensional structures as well as a planar structure with two gates.
Technology Research News March 10, 2004 Kimberly Patch	Tiny pumps drive liquid circuits Researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Lucent Technologies' Bell Laboratories have combined microfluidics and organic electronics to make a tunable plastic transistor that could enable low-cost methods to drive, control and monitor labs-on-a-chip. The device can also use tiny amounts of fluid to adjust optical devices.
Wired January 2002 George Gilder	Moore's Quantum Leap Why has the microchip's explosive growth rate never happened before? The author explains the micro microeconomics and why silicon is just the beginning....
IEEE Spectrum January 2012 Rachel Courtland	3-D Chips Grow Up In 2012, 3-D chips will help extend Moore's Law - and move beyond it.
IEEE Spectrum November 2007 Samuel K. Moore	Intel 45-Nanometer Penryn Processors Arrive Penryn chips are the result of the first fundamental redesign of the CMOS transistor
Chemistry World February 5, 2007 Lionel Milgrom	Hafnium Oxide Helps Make Chips Smaller and Faster Intel and IBM have announced that they will use dramatically different materials to build smaller, faster transistors for their next generation of chips.
Fast Company February 1, 2008 Jon Gertner	Mad Scientist Can legendary Bell Labs -- and its struggling parent, Alcatel-Lucent -- be saved by a "crazy risk taker" who's betting that innovation can be captured in a mathematical formula?
Bio-IT World August 13, 2002 John Dodge	Let's get Small Nanotechnology raises the bar for semiconductors as chips near single-digit nanometer proportions.
BusinessWeek April 18, 2005 Adam Aston	The Coming Chip Revolution Facing the limits of silicon, scientists are turning to carbon nanotubes. But even with a reliable supply of tubes, scaling up production to supply a vast global industry will take years.
IEEE Spectrum December 2008 Sally Adee	The Fastest, the Smallest, and the Strangest at IEDM This year's IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting, as usual, is largely a race to the bottom
InternetNews December 13, 2004 Michael Singer	Chipmakers Advance Transistor Technology IBM and AMD have devised a new silicon transistor technology they claim will boost the speeds of single- and dual-core chips.
PC World December 3, 2001 Martyn Williams	AMD Announces Another Chip Advance Company's new transistor is five times smaller than current models, leading to faster and more complex chips...
InternetNews January 27, 2007 Andy Patrizio	Intel Breakthrough Keeps Moore's Law on Track Intel dispenses with silicon for the first time in 40 years in its effort to make smaller, faster and less power-hungry chips.
CIO May 15, 2001 John Edwards	Upholding Moore's Law What's .03 microns long and can be turned on and off 10 billion times a second? It's a new transistor that has the potential to keep Moore's Law on the books for at least several more years...
IEEE Spectrum November 2005	Brothers of Invention In 1948, inventing what Matare and Welker called the transistron months after the AT&T team had already gotten the job done with its revolutionary device wasn't going to win them a Nobel Prize. But their achievement is worth much more than just a historical footnote.
Technology Research News October 22, 2003	Nanowires boost plastic circuits The move is on to develop flexible, cheap, plastic electronics, but so far organic circuits have fallen far short of silicon chip performance. Researchers from the Hahn-Meitner Institute in Germany have moved the field forward with a new way to make flexible transistors.
Technology Research News June 4, 2003 Kimberly Patch	Plastic transistors go vertical Researchers from the University of Cambridge in England have brought inexpensive, practical organic transistors a step closer to your grocery cart by devising a pair of processes that form small, vertical transistors from layers of printed polymer.
IEEE Spectrum August 2005 Justin Mullins	Shedding Light On Organic Transistors The first single-crystal organic transistor that can be switched on and off by light is giving physicists a unique peek into the way photons interact with organic semiconductors. The new device could have a major impact on the way OLED displays are manufactured.
InternetNews January 16, 2007 David Needle	HP Claims Chip Advance Researchers say nanotechnology has let them pack many more transistors into chips.
IEEE Spectrum September 2008	Paper Transistor Researchers from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, in Portugal, say they've made a transistor in which paper acts as a functional component.
InternetNews November 30, 2006 Paul Shread	Au Revoir, Bell Labs Bell Labs, the 81-year-old crown jewel of American technological innovation, is now part of a French company... Stocks were mixed... Digital Insight surged on a buyout deal with Intuit... etc.
PC World September 12, 2002 James Niccolai	Tomorrow's CPU: Wireless Link Inside Intel finds new ways to shrink, speed chips, plus build in radio functions.
Industrial Physicist Avouris & Appenzeller	Electronics and Optoelectronics with Carbon Nanotubes Evaluating the potential of carbon nanotubes as the basis of a future nanoelectronics technology.
Information Today September 2000	E Ink Agreement with Lucent Will Help Develop Electronic Paper Agreement may accelerate the time when e-books and newspapers resembling flexible plastic sheets will be available for millions of users.