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IEEE Spectrum November 2011 Ahmed & Schuegraf	Transistor Wars Rival architectures face off in a bid to keep Moore's Law alive. In May, Intel announced the most dramatic change to the architecture of the transistor since the device was invented.
IEEE Spectrum February 2012 Sung & Lee	Graphene: The Ultimate Switch Graphene could replace the transistor with switches that steer electrons just like beams of light
IEEE Spectrum July 2012 Miguel Miranda	The Threat of Semiconductor Variability As transistors shrink, the problem of chip variability grows
IEEE Spectrum October 2007 Bohr et al.	The High-k Solution Microprocessors coming out this fall are the result of the first big redesign in CMOS transistors since the late 1960s.
Technology Research News May 5, 2004 Eric Smalley	Y Switches Set up Low-Power Logic Researchers are looking into Y-branch switches, which have the potential to use less energy because they turn circuits on and off by directing electrons in one of two directions rather than opening and closing the circuit.
IEEE Spectrum May 2011 Keane & Kim	Transistor Aging Measuring the degradation of microprocessors is tricky. Doing it better would unleash more processing power.
IEEE Spectrum November 2007 Sarah Adee	Transistors Go Vertical The semiconductor industry fights silicon sprawl by building up, not out. Today's CMOS transistor is planar, but chip makers are exploring more power-efficient three-dimensional structures as well as a planar structure with two gates.
IEEE Spectrum December 2007 Joshua J Romero	Japanese Engineers Turn High-k Dielectric Transistor Problem on Its Head One gate metal and two high-k dielectrics could mean a cheaper and easier 45-nanometer CMOS manufacturing process for transistors.
IEEE Spectrum December 2009 Clark Nguyen	Radios With Micromachined Resonators Future wireless designs will replace electronics with precision mechanical components.
IEEE Spectrum September 2008 Peide D. Ye	Beyond Silicon's Elemental Logic In the quest for speed, key parts of micro-processors may soon be made of gallium arsenide or other III-V semiconductors
IEEE Spectrum January 2012 Rachel Courtland	Start-up Seeks New Life for Planar Transistors SuVolta is pursuing precision doping in its bid to compete with 3-D transistor technology
IEEE Spectrum February 2005 Singh & Thakur	Chip Making's Singular Future Beleaguered chip makers are counting on single-wafer manufacturing, which makes ICs on one wafer at a time, to cut costs and get chips to market faster.
Industrial Physicist Avouris & Appenzeller	Electronics and Optoelectronics with Carbon Nanotubes Evaluating the potential of carbon nanotubes as the basis of a future nanoelectronics technology.
Chemistry World February 5, 2007 Lionel Milgrom	Hafnium Oxide Helps Make Chips Smaller and Faster Intel and IBM have announced that they will use dramatically different materials to build smaller, faster transistors for their next generation of chips.
IEEE Spectrum December 2010 Neil Savage	One Graphene Device Makes Three Amplifiers Logic device could be even more multipurpose
IEEE Spectrum January 2008 Alexander Hellemans	Thermal Transistor: The World's Tiniest Refrigerator Thermal transistors refrigerate one electron at a time and physicists plan to compute with heat.
Technology Research News October 22, 2003	Nanowires boost plastic circuits The move is on to develop flexible, cheap, plastic electronics, but so far organic circuits have fallen far short of silicon chip performance. Researchers from the Hahn-Meitner Institute in Germany have moved the field forward with a new way to make flexible transistors.
Technology Research News December 3, 2003	Carbon boosts plastic circuits Researchers from the California Institute of Technology have devised an inexpensive way to add better-conducting organic source and drain electrodes to organic thin-film transistors.
Scientific American October 17, 2005 Charles Q. Choi	Transistor Flow Control At the heart of modern electronics are transistors, which act like valves to direct the flow of electrons. Now researchers have created the first transistors that electrically control molecules instead.
IEEE Spectrum November 2007 Samuel K. Moore	Intel 45-Nanometer Penryn Processors Arrive Penryn chips are the result of the first fundamental redesign of the CMOS transistor
IEEE Spectrum December 2008 R. Stanley Williams	How We Found the Missing Memristor The memristor -- the functional equivalent of a synapse -- could revolutionize circuit design
Technology Research News January 28, 2004 Eric Smalley	Chemicals map nanowire arrays There are two challenges to getting nanowire arrays ready for prime time -- finding ways of accessing any particular nanowire junction, and connecting the devices to the outside world. Chemically modifying the right junctions could solve both problems.
IEEE Spectrum March 2011 Apte et al.	Advanced Chip Packaging Satisfies Smartphone Needs Clever chip packaging means mobile devices can be smaller and smarter
IEEE Spectrum July 2011 Rachel Courtland	Superconductor Logic Goes Low-Power Energy-efficient superconducting circuits could be key to future supercomputers
Military & Aerospace Electronics November 2004 Janesch & Ivons	Choosing the Right Switch System Challenges Test Engineers Despite a variety of electronic systems, for all of them automation can improve them. An essential part of automated testing is a switching system, which routes signals between measurement instruments and the device under test (DUT).
IEEE Spectrum January 2012 Rachel Courtland	3-D Chips Grow Up In 2012, 3-D chips will help extend Moore's Law - and move beyond it.
IEEE Spectrum May 2013 Alexander Hellemans	Nanowire Transistors Could Keep Moore's Law Alive Researchers are perfecting ways to produce gate-all-around devices
IEEE Spectrum May 2006 Rahul Sarpeshkar	Brain Power Neuromorphic engineering has been around for 20 years, and its first fruits are finally approaching the market. The likely first application is bionics.
IEEE Spectrum January 2007 Samuel K. Moore	Masters of Memory Swiss firm Innovative Silicon crams 5 megabytes of RAM into the space of one. Their chip is called called Z-RAM, and if it grabs even a little piece of the on-chip memory market, it will change the ground rules for microprocessor design and will quickly become a company to be reckoned with.
Technology Research News January 26, 2005 Eric Smalley	Nano Bridge Builds Logic Researchers from the Japanese National Institute for Materials Science have given an old technology -- the mechanical electric switch -- a quantum update.
Technology Research News June 4, 2003 Kimberly Patch	Plastic transistors go vertical Researchers from the University of Cambridge in England have brought inexpensive, practical organic transistors a step closer to your grocery cart by devising a pair of processes that form small, vertical transistors from layers of printed polymer.
InternetNews February 2, 2005 Michael Singer	HP's 'Crossbar Latch' to Replace Transistors? The company's Quantum Science Research group comes up with new signal technology that could power computers.
IEEE Spectrum April 2012 Rachel Courtland	Six Paths to Longer Battery Life These six technologies could save on smartphone power
Industrial Physicist Konstantin Likharev	Hybrid Semiconductor-Molecular Nanoelectronics Many physicists and engineers believe that the impending crisis due to limitations in CMOS technology may be resolved only by a radical paradigm shift from purely CMOS technology to hybrid semiconductor-molecular circuits.
IEEE Spectrum June 2008 Neil Savage	Chip for Future Eye Implants Runs on Picowatts, Thanks to New Deep-Sleep Tech Chip could run for a year on millimeter-sized battery.
Home Toys April 2005	Installing A Doorjamb Light Switch These ideas will allow the installer to provide for the installation of an unlimited numbers of doorjamb controlled lighting arrangements.
IEEE Spectrum October 2006 Brian R. Santo	Acronym Addiction When you live on the cutting edge of technology, there are, literally, no words to describe it. Instead we have acronyms. Lots and lots of acronyms. ABT... BEOL... CSP... etc.
Technology Research News March 10, 2004 Kimberly Patch	Tiny pumps drive liquid circuits Researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Lucent Technologies' Bell Laboratories have combined microfluidics and organic electronics to make a tunable plastic transistor that could enable low-cost methods to drive, control and monitor labs-on-a-chip. The device can also use tiny amounts of fluid to adjust optical devices.
Technology Research News January 15, 2003 Kimberly Patch	Heat's on silicon A researcher from Texas A&M University has shown that the laws of physics are close to catching up with Moore's Law in a way not widely thought about. The culprit is heat.
IEEE Spectrum December 2008 Sally Adee	The Fastest, the Smallest, and the Strangest at IEDM This year's IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting, as usual, is largely a race to the bottom
InternetNews January 16, 2007 David Needle	HP Claims Chip Advance Researchers say nanotechnology has let them pack many more transistors into chips.
Technology Research News January 28, 2004	Nanotubes tied to silicon circuit Connecting minuscule nanotube transistors to traditional silicon transistors enables the atomic-scale electronics to communicate with existing electronic equipment.
PC World December 3, 2001 Martyn Williams	AMD Announces Another Chip Advance Company's new transistor is five times smaller than current models, leading to faster and more complex chips...
IEEE Spectrum February 2008 Behzad Razavi	Gadgets Gab at 60 GHz Cheap silicon transceivers broadcasting in this still-unlicensed band may usher in the hi-def wireless home
IEEE Spectrum April 2005 Linda Geppert	Power to the Molecules A "crossbar latch" supplies the missing piece for a nanosize alternative to the transistor. Now, researchers at Hewlett-Packard plan to knit them into a huge circuit, hoping to put the technology on the market in about 10 years.
Technology Research News March 26, 2003 Kimberly Patch	Design handles iffy nanocircuits Tiny circuits pose challenges that don't show up at larger scales. One of the biggest has to do with the number of defects in a device. Researchers are exploring ways to build defect tolerance into electronics so the hardware will work even when it contains a lot of faulty circuits.
Technology Research News December 17, 2003	Organic transistors get small Researchers from Cornell University have shown that it is possible to fabricate useful organic thin film transistors that have a channel length as small as 30 nanometers. The smaller the channel, the faster the transistor. Previously, organic TFT channel lengths were limited to about 100 nm.
PC Magazine March 6, 2007 Loyd Case	Intel's Next-Generation Core2 Microprocessor Why Intel's new Penryn processor could be a major breakthrough for computing.
PC World September 12, 2002 James Niccolai	Tomorrow's CPU: Wireless Link Inside Intel finds new ways to shrink, speed chips, plus build in radio functions.
BusinessWeek April 18, 2005 Adam Aston	The Coming Chip Revolution Facing the limits of silicon, scientists are turning to carbon nanotubes. But even with a reliable supply of tubes, scaling up production to supply a vast global industry will take years.