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Finance & Development March 2009 Carlo Cottarelli	Paying the Piper The role of medium-term fiscal policy in rebounding from the crisis.
Finance & Development December 2010 Baldacci et al.	Getting Debt under Control In dealing with the aftermath of the Great Recession, policymakers must pay attention to the mix of austerity policies.
Finance & Development September 2011	Unconventional Behavior Innovative balance sheet policies of central banks helped during the recession, but they should be used only in exceptional circumstances.
Finance & Development September 2010 Mark Horton	How Grim a Fiscal Future? For most advanced economies, both the near term and the longer term are tight, but there are ways to ease budget pressures
Finance & Development March 2011 Jorge Canales-Kriljenko et al.	Ending Instability How monetary policy reforms helped propel five major Latin American countries from recurrent crises to economic stability.
Finance & Development December 2009 Baldacci & Gupta	Fiscal Expansions: What Works There is a firm link between the composition of fiscal policy and the length of a financial crisis.
Finance & Development September 1, 2000 Robert A. Feldman & C. Maxwell Watson	Central Europe: From Transition to EU Membership The Central European countries have made considerable progress with the transition to a market economy and now face the challenge of developing macroeconomic policy frameworks on the road to EU accession.
Finance & Development June 2009 Horton & El-Ganainy	Back to Basics: What Is Fiscal Policy? What is fiscal policy? And, how can fiscal tools provide a boost to the world economy?
Finance & Development September 2011	Fiscal Neighbors Canada and the United States confronted growing budget deficits and public debt but the results differed.
Finance & Development June 2010 Linda Yueh	A Stronger China China can emerge from the crisis stronger if it increases domestic demand and promotes global integration.
Finance & Development September 2010 Kevin Cheng	The Long Run Is Near France, like many advanced economies, confronts the expensive needs of a rapidly aging population
Finance & Development December 1, 2005 Singh & Collyns	Latin America's Resurgence Latin America's recent resurgence amid continuing favorable external conditions provides another historic opportunity for the region to catalyze its considerable natural and human capital resources into sustained and higher growth.
Finance & Development June 2010 Eswar Prasad	After the Fall As the debate over how best to manage monetary policy heats up, the once-sharp difference between advanced and emerging economies is blurring.
Finance & Development December 1, 2008 Olivier Blanchard	Cracks in the System The Economic Counsellor and Chief Economist of the IMF discusses what he thinks is needed to repair the damaged global economy.
Finance & Development September 2009 Koshy Mathai	Back to Basics: What Is Monetary Policy? MONETARY policy has lived under many guises. But however it may appear, it generally boils down to adjusting the supply of money in the economy to achieve some combination of inflation and output stabilization.
Finance & Development June 2010 Duvvuri Subbarao	Redefining Central Banking Central banks must distill lessons from the global crisis and make concrete reforms.
Finance & Development December 1, 2005 Carstens & Luis I. Jacome H.	Taming the Monster How Latin America's central banks survived hyperinflation to become guardians of price stability.
Finance & Development March 2011 Mario Mesquita	Great Expectations Brazil's economic success has raised the bar for that country, at home and abroad.
Finance & Development June 2009 Marek Belka	Europe Under Stress The global economic crisis is testing the cohesion of the European Union
Finance & Development September 2011 Laurence Ball et al.	Painful Medicine Although advanced economies need medium-run fiscal consolidation, slamming on the brakes too quickly will hurt incomes and job prospects.
Finance & Development June 2010 Finger & Sadikov	Lowering Public Debt Many countries have slashed their public debt ratios in the past, often thanks to macroeconomic conditions. They may be less lucky in the future.
Finance & Development December 1, 2002 Keller et al.	The Bottom Line Weaknesses in public and private sector balance sheets could be the sign of a crisis in the making.
Finance & Development March 1, 2001 Martin Muhleisen & Hamid Faruqee	Japan: Population Aging and the Fiscal Challenge With Japan facing a demographic crisis, government finances--stretched to the limit to keep the economy afloat--have to cope with the rising strain on public pension and health systems. This article looks at the economic and fiscal costs of aging in Japan...
Finance & Development December 1, 2008 Charles Collyns	The Crisis through the Lens of History The current financial crisis is ferocious, but looking at history shows the way to avoid another Great Depression.
Finance & Development December 2010 Dao & Loungani	The Tragedy of Unemployment Governments can do more to alleviate joblessness and its human costs.
Finance & Development March 1, 2003 Jbili & Kramarenko	Should MENA Countries Float or Peg? As they open up their economies, MENA countries may need to rethink their exchange rate regimes
Finance & Development September 1, 2000 Enzo Croce & Mohsin S. Khan	Monetary Regimes and Inflation Targeting Inflation targeting---a framework for monetary policy that commits the central bank to achieving low inflation---has enjoyed considerable success among industrial countries in helping to maintain price stability...
Finance & Development December 2010	Stimulus Worked Without the quick and massive policy response, the Great Recession might still plague the United States.
Finance & Development March 1, 2001 Alvin D.L. Hilaire	Economic Stabilization in the Caribbean Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago simultaneously tackled serious economic difficulties in the early 1990s. The results of their adjustment programs demonstrate that fiscal reform, supported by other policies, may be the key to achieving a sustainable recovery...
Finance & Development September 1, 2000 Torsten Slok	Can Monetary Policy Be Effective During Transition? Mongolia has undergone dramatic changes during its transition to a market economy, with fundamental restructuring in both the real economy and the financial sector. How effective is monetary policy in such a changing environment?
Finance & Development June 2009 Giovanni Dell'Ariccia	Asset Price Booms: How Can They Best Be Managed? Not all booms are alike -- making the right call on which policies to deploy depends on how assets are held and who is exposed to a possible bust
Finance & Development June 2009 Eyzaguirre et al.	Latin America: When Is Fiscal Stimulus Right? For some Latin American countries stimulus is appropriate during the global economic crisis. But for others the answer is less clear.
Finance & Development September 1, 2000 Emine Gurgen	Central Asia: Achievements and Prospects Although the five Central Asian countries in transition have made progress in moving to a market economy, they still have far to go and need to intensify their reform efforts.
Finance & Development September 2011 Celine Allard	More Europe, Not Less The euro area is learning from its debt crisis that it needs a more centralized approach to fiscal and financial policies.
Finance & Development March 2010 Scott Roger	Inflation Targeting Turns 20 A growing number of countries are making a specific inflation rate the primary goal of monetary policy, with success.
On Wall Street February 1, 2012 Milton Ezrati	A Very Brief Tour Of Global Investment Prospects This year, like last, presents investors with an array of risks. Europe seemingly creates new financial and economic concerns daily, while, in the United States, fiscal questions and election uncertainties trouble the outlook.
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Claudio M. Loser & Martine Guerguil	The Long Road to Financial Stability Most countries in Latin America and the Caribbean weathered the economic crises of the late 1990s better than expected, thanks to the policy reforms of the past two decades. Further reform is urgently needed, however, to put the region on a faster growth path and reduce its vulnerability to external shocks.
Finance & Development December 1, 2002 Fasano & Iqbal	Common Currency GCC (Cooperation Council of the Arab States of the Gulf) countries face fundamental choices as they head for monetary union.
Finance & Development December 2011 Abebe Aemro Selassie	A Cushion for the Poor Plagued by high unemployment and closely tied to Europe, South Africa is struggling.
Finance & Development June 2011	Financial Repression Redux Governments are once again finding ways to manipulate markets to hold down the cost of financing debt.
Finance & Development September 2010 Laurence J. Kotlikoff	A Hidden Fiscal Crisis A noted U.S. economist says debt figures seriously understate long-term budget problems in the United States
Finance & Development December 1, 2008 Kang & Syed	The Road to Recovery A View from Japan In Japan, new strategy for addressing both liquidity and solvency issues is needed.
Finance & Development March 2010 Khamis & Senhadji	Learning from the Past Countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council confronted the global financial crisis from a position of strength.
Finance & Development June 1, 2007 Traa & Carare	A Government's Net Worth A new tool in surveillance, the public sector balance sheet, can help diagnose vulnerabilities that are not immediately visible in the budget.
Finance & Development December 2011 Florence Jaumotte	Fixing the Flaws in EMU The euro area's long-term survival requires a fundamental transformation of policymaking
On Wall Street December 1, 2009 Milton Ezrati	Emerging Economies Are Even Better Than Advertised Not only have emerging markets resumed their place as leading engines of global growth, they have also followed monetary and fiscal policies that are much more prudent than those of the United States, Japan and most other developed nations.
Finance & Development June 2011	Beyond Retirees How countries change their pension systems and whether they do it in tandem have major implications for global economic health.
Finance & Development March 1, 2000 Jose Angel Gurria	Mexico: Recent Developments, Structural Reforms, and Future Challenges In recent years, the Mexican government has implemented a series of economic reforms to strengthen the country's fundamentals and increase its ability to cope with external shocks. Because of the progress that has been made, the government is confident that Mexico will be able to leave recent crises behind and start the new millennium with a stable and growing economy.
Finance & Development June 2009 Berglof et al.	A Tale of Two Crises Russia is still a resource-dependent economy that must diversify in a market-friendly way
Finance & Development December 2009 Archana Kumar	Crisis Contained Five leading Asian voices share their views on Asia's economic pain and recovery, and how there are no easy answers for coping with the region's future challenges.