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Finance & Development
March 1, 2000
Claudio M. Loser & Martine Guerguil |
The Long Road to Financial Stability Most countries in Latin America and the Caribbean weathered the economic crises of the late 1990s better than expected, thanks to the policy reforms of the past two decades. Further reform is urgently needed, however, to put the region on a faster growth path and reduce its vulnerability to external shocks.   |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2000
Leonardo Cardemil, Juan Carlos Di Tata, & Florencia Frantischek |
Central America: Adjustment and Reforms in the 1990s Following a weak performance in the 1980s, the Central American economies experienced a turnaround in the 1990s as they adopted improved policies within a more stable political environment. Now, how can they best maintain macroeconomic stability, continue structural reforms, and strengthen social policies to maximize rates of economic growth and reduce the incidence of poverty? |
Finance & Development
September 1, 2000
Emine Gurgen |
Central Asia: Achievements and Prospects Although the five Central Asian countries in transition have made progress in moving to a market economy, they still have far to go and need to intensify their reform efforts. |
Finance & Development
June 1, 2000
Janet Stotsky, Esther Suss, & Stephen Tokarick |
Trade Liberalization in the Caribbean Since the mid-1990s, the governments of Caribbean countries have demonstrated a firm commitment to trade liberalization. What steps have they taken, what have the results been, and what further steps should they consider taking? |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2003
Jbili & Kramarenko |
Should MENA Countries Float or Peg? As they open up their economies, MENA countries may need to rethink their exchange rate regimes |
Finance & Development
September 1, 2000
Robert A. Feldman & C. Maxwell Watson |
Central Europe: From Transition to EU Membership The Central European countries have made considerable progress with the transition to a market economy and now face the challenge of developing macroeconomic policy frameworks on the road to EU accession. |
Finance & Development
September 2011 |
Fiscal Neighbors Canada and the United States confronted growing budget deficits and public debt but the results differed. |
Finance & Development
December 1, 2005
Carstens & Luis I. Jacome H. |
Taming the Monster How Latin America's central banks survived hyperinflation to become guardians of price stability. |
Finance & Development
December 1, 2005
Singh & Collyns |
Latin America's Resurgence Latin America's recent resurgence amid continuing favorable external conditions provides another historic opportunity for the region to catalyze its considerable natural and human capital resources into sustained and higher growth. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2000
Pedro Pou |
Argentina's Structural Reforms of the 1990s Argentina experienced serious economic and financial difficulties in the 1980s. Hyperinflation in 1989-90 finally elicited the necessary political consensus for reform. Despite areas of concern, structural reforms implemented in the 1990s have set Argentina on the path to sustained growth. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2000
Jose Angel Gurria |
Mexico: Recent Developments, Structural Reforms, and Future Challenges In recent years, the Mexican government has implemented a series of economic reforms to strengthen the country's fundamentals and increase its ability to cope with external shocks. Because of the progress that has been made, the government is confident that Mexico will be able to leave recent crises behind and start the new millennium with a stable and growing economy. |
Finance & Development
December 1, 2002
Keller et al. |
The Bottom Line Weaknesses in public and private sector balance sheets could be the sign of a crisis in the making. |
Finance & Development
June 2010
Bakker & Gulde |
Searching for Stability Eastern Europe rode a decade-long boom into a serious bust and now must figure out how to restart growth on a more even keel. |
Finance & Development
June 1, 2000
Oussama Kanaan |
Tanzania's Experience with Trade Liberalization After Tanzania's economy deteriorated during the 1970s and early 1980s, it took a series of bold steps to liberalize trade. How successful have these efforts been in improving its economic performance, and what lessons can other developing countries derive from Tanzania's experience? |
Finance & Development
March 2011
Mario Mesquita |
Great Expectations Brazil's economic success has raised the bar for that country, at home and abroad. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2000
Catherine L. Mann |
Is the U.S. Current Account Deficit Sustainable? The U.S. current account deficit, driven by the United States' widening trade deficit, is the largest it has ever been, both as a share of the U.S. economy and in dollar terms. How much longer can the United States continue to spend more than it earns and support the resumption of global growth? |
Finance & Development
June 2011 |
Esprit de Currency The IMF and WTO must pull together to iron out exchange rate policy disputes. |
Finance & Development
June 2009
Berglof et al. |
A Tale of Two Crises Russia is still a resource-dependent economy that must diversify in a market-friendly way |
Finance & Development
December 1, 2002
Fasano & Iqbal |
Common Currency GCC (Cooperation Council of the Arab States of the Gulf) countries face fundamental choices as they head for monetary union. |
Finance & Development
March 2011
Nicolas Eyzaguirre |
Sustaining Latin America's Transformation Building on recent successes, Latin America now has a chance to raise its profile in the global marketplace. |
Finance & Development
March 2009
Carlo Cottarelli |
Paying the Piper The role of medium-term fiscal policy in rebounding from the crisis. |
Finance & Development
December 2010
Baldacci et al. |
Getting Debt under Control In dealing with the aftermath of the Great Recession, policymakers must pay attention to the mix of austerity policies. |
Finance & Development
June 1, 2006
Burton et al. |
Asia's Winds of Change The path that Asian countries have traveled to growth and prosperity in the past 50 years will remain relevant for the future -- the embrace of openness, the commitment to macroeconomic stability, and the drive to adapt and reform in response to changing circumstances. |
Finance & Development
September 1, 2005
Eswar S. Prasad |
Next Steps for China Why financial sector reform is a crucial element of a long-term economic growth strategy. |
Finance & Development
September 2009
Carlo Cottarelli & Jose Vinals |
Looking Ahead Countries must begin now to devise economic strategies to accompany the recovery. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2006
Zagha, Nankani & Gill |
Rethinking Growth Economists are reconsidering what they really know about economic growth and how to go about formulating global national policies in the absence of reliable models. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2000
Eduardo Aninat |
Chile in the 1990s: Embracing Development Opportunities A review of Chile's recent economic performance shows that, overall, the 1990s were a period of vigorous and unprecedented expansion, with average annual GDP growth of 6.5 percent. While 1999 was a time of economic adjustment after the fallout of the Asian crisis, Chile is now ready to resume healthy growth in 2000 and beyond.. |
Finance & Development
June 1, 2001
Ronald McKinnon |
Can the World Economy Afford U.S. Tax Cuts? The international dollar standard redux... |
Finance & Development
March 2011
Jorge Canales-Kriljenko et al. |
Ending Instability How monetary policy reforms helped propel five major Latin American countries from recurrent crises to economic stability. |
Finance & Development
December 1, 2006
Bio-Tchane & Christensen |
Right Time for Africa Africa needs to build on its recent success to catch up. A forward-looking reform agenda should aim to maintain macroeconomic stability, improve the business climate, promote trade, and, most important, strengthen fiscal institutions. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2000
Arminio Fraga |
Monetary Policy During the Transition to a Floating Exchange Rate: Brazil's Recent Experience The financial crisis that erupted in Asia in 1997 quickly spread to other developing regions, as international investors panicked and pulled their capital out. In this article, the governor of Brazil's central bank outlines the steps Brazil took to avert financial disaster when inflows of private foreign capital suddenly dried up. |
Finance & Development
June 1, 2006
Citrin & Wolfson |
Japan's BACK! Growth in Japan, the world's second-largest economy, would have knock-on effects throughout Asia and the global economy and contribute to a more balanced pattern of global growth. This would also help to reduce global current account imbalances. |
Finance & Development
December 2011
Florence Jaumotte |
Fixing the Flaws in EMU The euro area's long-term survival requires a fundamental transformation of policymaking |
Finance & Development
June 2009
Horton & El-Ganainy |
Back to Basics: What Is Fiscal Policy? What is fiscal policy? And, how can fiscal tools provide a boost to the world economy? |
Finance & Development
June 1, 2005
dos Santos |
Brazil's Remarkable Journey Latin America's largest economy is finally reaping the benefits of reforms. |
Finance & Development
June 2010
Linda Yueh |
A Stronger China China can emerge from the crisis stronger if it increases domestic demand and promotes global integration. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2002
James M. Boughton |
Globalization and the Silent Revolution of the 1980s During the 1980s, the economic policymakers of many countries underwent a dramatic change in thinking. How beneficial has this 'silent revolution' been, and what can policymakers and the international community do now to broaden and secure the gains it has brought? |
Finance & Development
June 2009
Marek Belka |
Europe Under Stress The global economic crisis is testing the cohesion of the European Union |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2001
Martin Muhleisen & Hamid Faruqee |
Japan: Population Aging and the Fiscal Challenge With Japan facing a demographic crisis, government finances--stretched to the limit to keep the economy afloat--have to cope with the rising strain on public pension and health systems. This article looks at the economic and fiscal costs of aging in Japan... |
Finance & Development
September 1, 2000
Torsten Slok |
Can Monetary Policy Be Effective During Transition? Mongolia has undergone dramatic changes during its transition to a market economy, with fundamental restructuring in both the real economy and the financial sector. How effective is monetary policy in such a changing environment? |
Finance & Development
September 1, 2000
Stanley Fischer & Ratna Sahay |
Taking Stock Economic performance has differed widely among the transition economies. The best performers are countries that were the most committed to reform at the start and that have carried out reforms rapidly and consistently. |
Finance & Development
June 1, 2005
Peter Heller |
Back to Basics -- Fiscal Space: What It Is and How to Get It Although the term is new, the concept is not. It has long been an element of sound fiscal analysis. And the challenge of creating fiscal space is one that has always confronted governments and their advisors, including international financial institutions like the IMF. |
Finance & Development
December 2009
Ghosh & Ostry |
Choosing an Exchange Rate Regime A new look at an old question: Should countries fix, float, or choose something in between? |
Finance & Development
December 1, 2000 |
Book reviews Mancur Olson - Power and Prosperity: Outgrowing Communist and Capitalist Dictatorships.. Nancy Birdsall and Carol Graham - New Markets, New Opportunities?: Economic and Social Mobility in a Changing World... Courtney N. Blackman - Central Banking in Theory and Practice: A Small State Perspective... Jacques Bendelac - L'economie palestinienne: De la dependance a l'autonomie... |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2003
Barnett & Ossowski |
What Goes Up... Why oil-producing states must husband their resources |
Finance & Development
September 2011
Laurence Ball et al. |
Painful Medicine Although advanced economies need medium-run fiscal consolidation, slamming on the brakes too quickly will hurt incomes and job prospects. |
Finance & Development
June 2010
Finger & Sadikov |
Lowering Public Debt Many countries have slashed their public debt ratios in the past, often thanks to macroeconomic conditions. They may be less lucky in the future. |
Finance & Development
September 2010
Mark Horton |
How Grim a Fiscal Future? For most advanced economies, both the near term and the longer term are tight, but there are ways to ease budget pressures |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2007
Yaga Venugopal Reddy |
Point of View: Converting a Tiger The Reserve Bank of India's governor offers lessons from the country's gradualist approach to capital account convertibility. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2001
R.D. Asante & Paul Robert Masson |
The Pros and Cons of Expanded Monetary Union in West Africa A conversation with Jacqueline Irving of the IMF's External Relations Department... |
