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American Journal of Nursing July 2008 Horgas & Miller	Pain Assessment in People with Dementia The Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale has been designed to assess pain in this population by looking at five specific indicators.
Nursing October 2009 Yvonne D'Arcy	Overturning barriers to pain relief in older adults This article will describe how to lower the barriers to effective pain control in older patients and provide practical tips for helping them receive the full benefit from pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies.
Nursing June 2008 Yvonne D'arcy	Nursing2008 Pain Management Survey Report See how your responses to this survey compare with those of nursing colleagues across the country and beyond.
American Journal of Nursing April 2010 Mary Curry Narayan	Culture's Effects on Pain Assessment and Management When patients belong to a culture or speak a language that's different from that of their health care provider, the provider faces additional challenges in successfully assessing and managing the patients' pain.
Managed Care October 2003 Martin Sipkoff	Pain Management: Health Plans Need to Take Control Insurers have not focused much on chronic pain. They should. It presents a humanitarian and business opportunity.
American Journal of Nursing March 2011 Jablonski et al.	The Use of Algorithms in Assessing and Managing Persistent Pain in Older Adults This article introduces readers to the use of algorithms in guiding the assessment and management of persistent pain in older adults, and provides an illustrative case study.
American Journal of Nursing June 2008 Ellen Flaherty	How to Try This: Using Pain-Rating Scales with Older Adults Pain is often undertreated and underdiagnosed in older adults. Regular use of short, simple, reliable pain-rating scales provides nurses and physicians with measurable information to establish and modify a pain management plan.
American Journal of Nursing August 2011 Craft & Prahlow	From Fecal Impaction to Colon Perforation The authors present the case of an elderly, nonverbal nursing home resident with dementia who developed fecal impaction, despite interventions such as enema.
American Journal of Nursing July 2007 Pun & Dunn	The Sedation of Critically Ill Adults PART 1: ASSESSMENT The first in a two-part series focuses on assessing sedated patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).
American Family Physician June 15, 2006 Prater & Zylstra	Medical Care of Adults with Mental Retardation Primary medical care of persons with mental retardation should involve continuity of care, maintenance of comprehensive treatment documentation, routine periodic health screening, and an understanding of the unique medical and behavioral disorders common to this population.
American Journal of Nursing February 2012	Original Research: Nurses' Presenteeism and Its Effects on Self-Reported Quality of Care and Costs This study sought to investigate the extent to which musculoskeletal pain or depression (or both) in RNs affects their work productivity and self-reported quality of care and considered the associated costs.
American Journal of Nursing April 2009	Understanding and Managing Burn Pain: Part 1 Despite advances in topical wound care and pharmacology, and a growing emphasis on palliative care, wound care is the main source of the pain associated with burn injury.
American Family Physician October 1, 2001 Karl E. Miller	Challenges in Pain Management at the End of Life Effective pain management in the terminally ill patient requires an understanding of pain control strategies. Ongoing assessment of pain is crucial and can be accomplished using various forms and scales...
American Family Physician November 1, 2002 Prater & Zylstra	Autism: A Medical Primer Autistic disorder, a pervasive developmental disorder resulting in social, language, or sensorimotor deficits, occurs in approximately seven of 10,000 persons. Early detection and intervention significantly improve outcome.
Nurse Practitioner May 2009 Yvonne D'Arcy	Is Low Back Pain Getting on Your Nerves? The pain and disability of low back pain are the most common reasons patients seek healthcare. Here are tools for diagnosis and treatment options.
American Family Physician January 1, 2006 Karen W. Krigger	Cerebral Palsy: An Overview Cerebral palsy is characterized by motor impairment and can present with global physical and mental dysfunction. The differential diagnosis of cerebral palsy includes metabolic and genetic disorders.
American Journal of Nursing April 2012 Smeltzer et al.	Original Research: Interactions of People with Disabilities and Nursing Staff During Hospitalization Inadequate primary health care and screening have been identified as serious issues for people with disabilities, but little evidence exists on the nursing care of this population when hospitalized.
American Journal of Nursing October 2007 Terry Fulmer	How to Try This: Fulmer SPICES Fulmer SPICES is a framework for assessing older adults. This assessment, done regularly, can lead to the prevention and treatment of common conditions.
Nurse Practitioner October 2010 Dawn Lee Garzon et al.	Providing Optimal Care for Children with Developmental Disorders Given the prevalence of children with developmental disorders, primary care providers need to educate themselves on how to diagnose and monitor this population.
American Journal of Nursing March 2008 Evans & Cotter	Avoiding Restraints in Patients with Dementia Understanding, prevention, and management are the keys to reducing restraint use.
American Journal of Nursing August 2008 Carla L. Graf	How to Try This: The Hospital Admission Risk Profile A simple screening tool can be used to classify hospitalized older adults as being at low, intermediate, or high risk for losing the ability to perform activities of daily living, based on assessments of age, cognitive function, and the ability to perform independent activities of daily living.
Nurse Practitioner May 2012 Hammersla & Kapustin	Peripheral Neuropathy: Evidence-based treatment of a complex disorder Peripheral neuropathy is a common and often progressive condition frequently seen in primary care. The chronic pain associated with PN, or neuropathic pain, can significantly diminish patients' quality of life and be challenging to treat.
American Journal of Nursing May 2009 Patricia Connor-Ballard	Understanding and Managing Burn Pain: Part 2 Despite advances in treatment of burn injuries and their consequent pain, wound care is the main source of the pain associated with burn injury.
Nursing Management March 2012 Yvonne D'Arcy	Pain and obesity It can be a challenge to provide effective pain management for obese patients; however, a multimodal pain management regimen that combines medications and complementary techniques can help increase pain relief.
American Family Physician July 15, 2001 Marc Tunzi	Can the Patient Decide? Evaluating Patient Capacity in Practice
Nurse Practitioner April 2012 Firestone et al.	Optimizing fibromyalgia management This article summarizes current information regarding the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic standards, and pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments necessary to successfully manage FM.
Nurse Practitioner December 2011	Managing pain in obese patients Obesity-related pain conditions can limit the patient's efforts at increasing activity and limit quality of life. This article will offer information on these conditions and treatment options.
Pharmaceutical Executive January 1, 2006 Michael Fronstin	A Fresh Look at Co-morbidity You may think you understand a disease. But then it arrives in tandem. A new survey takes a fresh look at co-morbidity.
Salon.com October 2, 2000 Lynn O'Dell	Pain in the brain The good news? The hurt is all in your mind. The bad news? The hurt is all in your mind...
American Family Physician April 15, 2001 Lori J. Heim	Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis of Dyspareunia Dyspareunia is genital pain associated with sexual intercourse. Although this condition has historically been defined by psychologic theories, the current treatment approach favors an integrated pain model...
American Family Physician November 1, 2000 Monica Preboth	Clinical Briefs Sports Specialization in Young Athletes... ADA Statement on Nutrition in Diabetes... Diagnostic Imaging to Detect Child Abuse... NIH/NIA Report on Alzheimer's Disease... CDC Report on U.S. Incidence of Measles in 1999... Managing Pain and Stress in the Neonate...
Nursing September 2008 Susan Simmons Holcomb	Acute Abdomen: What a Pain! So many things - some life-threatening - can cause abdominal pain. Here's how to capture the clues quickly and accurately.
American Family Physician October 1, 2000 Millea & Holloway	Treating Fibromyalgia Fibromyalgia is an extremely common chronic condition that can be challenging to manage...
American Journal of Nursing May 2008 Jacobson et al.	Patients' Perspectives on Total Knee Replacement Patients' perspectives on total knee replacement (TKR) surgery have rarely been the topic of research. This study sought to describe their pre- and postoperative experiences.
Managed Care May 2005	Microcircuit Devices Deliver Considerable Relief From Chronic Pain Recent advances in pain relief revolve around longer-lasting implantable devices. Can managed care afford not to have a pain management strategy?
American Family Physician July 1, 2006 Junnila & Cartwright	Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in Children: Part I. Initial Evaluation Musculoskeletal pain can be difficult for children to characterize. A logical and consistent approach to diagnosis is recommended, with judicious use of laboratory and radiologic testing.
HHMI Bulletin February 2012 Marc Wortman	Where Does It Hurt? Researchers are getting to the molecular details of pain's circuitry to answer the question with real specificity.
American Family Physician April 1, 2006 Barbara D. Reed	Vulvodynia: Diagnosis and Management The diagnosis of vulvodynia depends on a consistent history, lack of a documented infectious or dermatologic cause, and in most women, tenderness when gentle pressure is applied by a cotton swab to the vulva, introitus, or hymenal areas.
Nursing Management February 2008 Susan Gallagher Camden	A Captive Condition: Childhood Obesity Both patient safety and caregiver injury are fast becoming serious considerations in managing care of children who are obese.
American Family Physician November 15, 2005 William E. Cayley	Diagnosing the Cause of Chest Pain Distinguishing between serious and benign causes of chest pain is imperative, and diagnostic and prognostic questions are important in making this determination.
Nursing July 2011 Susan Simmons	Recognizing and Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis Here's what rheumatoid arthritis is, how it's diagnosed and treated, and what you can do to help patients manage the disease.
American Family Physician June 1, 2003 Leung & Sigalet	Acute Abdominal Pain in Children Acute abdominal pain in children presents a diagnostic dilemma. Although many cases of acute abdominal pain are benign, some require rapid diagnosis and treatment to minimize morbidity. Numerous disorders can cause abdominal pain.
American Family Physician December 1, 2005 Cole, Seto & Gazewood	Plantar Fasciitis: Evidence-Based Review of Diagnosis and Therapy Most interventions used to manage plantar fasciitis have not been studied adequately; however, shoe inserts, stretching exercises, steroid injection, and custom-made night splints may be beneficial.
American Family Physician December 15, 2006 Hamilton & Glascoe	Evaluation of Children with Reading Difficulties Because of the proven value of early intervention, physicians should identify children with current reading difficulties and those with risk factors for future difficulties. This can be achieved using developmental, educational, and family histories and standardized testing.
American Family Physician November 15, 2003 Jones et al.	Common Problems in Patients Recovering from Chemical Dependency This article describes how to care for patients recovering from chemical dependency, including special concerns that arise during the treatment of common medical conditions, to avoid adverse outcomes or relapse into addiction.
American Family Physician August 2001 Saud Suleiman & David E. Johnston	The Abdominal Wall: An Overlooked Source of Pain When abdominal pain is chronic and unremitting, with minimal or no relationship to eating or bowel function but often a relationship to posture (i.e., lying, sitting, standing), the abdominal wall should be suspected as the source of pain...
American Family Physician February 15, 2005 Beck, Sieber & Trejo	Management of Cluster Headache Cluster headache, an excruciating, unilateral headache usually accompanied by conjunctival injection and lacrimation, can occur episodically or chronically, and can be difficult to treat.
Nurse Practitioner November 2010 Ronald Lee Tyson	Diagnosis and treatment of abdominal angina Abdominal angina refers to pain or discomfort in the gut when the blood supply to the tissues and organs of digestion has been compromised in some manner
Health June 2007 Melanie Haiken	The Best New Pain Cures?... For Women New research shows that pain can often be prevented if women use the right treatment. Here's what you should know.
American Journal of Nursing May 2012 Benson et al.	Original Research: The Effects of Active Warming on Patient Temperature and Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty Total knee arthroplasty is a procedure with associated risks of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia and significant postoperative pain. Hypothermia may affect patients' experience of postoperative pain, although the link is not well understood.