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American Family Physician August 15, 2001 Daisy Arce	Recognizing Spinal Cord Emergencies Physicians who work in primary care settings and emergency departments frequently evaluate patients with neck and back pain. Spinal cord emergencies are uncommon, but injury must be recognized early so that the diagnosis can be quickly confirmed...
Nurse Practitioner May 2009 Yvonne D'Arcy	Is Low Back Pain Getting on Your Nerves? The pain and disability of low back pain are the most common reasons patients seek healthcare. Here are tools for diagnosis and treatment options.
American Family Physician April 1, 2002 Deardre Chao	Spinal Epidural Abscess: A Diagnostic Challenge Epidural abscess of the spinal column is a rare condition that can be fatal if left untreated. The signs and symptoms of epidural abscess are nonspecific and can range from low back pain to sepsis...
American Family Physician January 1, 2004 Old & Calvert	Vertebral Compression Fractures in the Elderly Compression fracture of the vertebral body is common, especially in older adults. Vertebral compression fractures usually are caused by osteoporosis. Family physicians can help patients prevent compression fractures by diagnosing and treating predisposing factors.
American Family Physician November 15, 2002 Okuyemi & Tsue	Radiologic Imaging in the Management of Sinusitis Sinusitis is one of the most common diseases treated by primary care physicians. Uncomplicated sinusitis does not require radiologic imagery. However, when symptoms are recurrent or refractory despite adequate treatment, further diagnostic evaluations may be indicated.
American Family Physician August 15, 2002 Predey et al.	Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: New Treatment for Vertebral Compression Fractures Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a newer technique in which acrylic cement is injected through a needle into a collapsed or weakened vertebra to stabilize the fracture. This procedure is effective for treating certain types of painful vertebral compression fractures.
American Family Physician July 15, 2001 Swagerty & Hellinger	Radiographic Assessment of Osteoarthritis Worldwide, osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis and it is among the most prevalent and disabling chronic conditions in the United States.
American Family Physician March 15, 2002 James C. Wittig	Osteosarcoma: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment The treatment of osteosarcoma requires a multidisciplinary approach involving the family physician, orthopedic oncologist, medical oncologist, radiologist and pathologist...
American Family Physician September 1, 2000 William F. Young	Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy A Common Cause of Spinal Cord Dysfunction in Older Persons
American Family Physician February 15, 2001 C. Randall Clinch	Evaluation of Acute Headaches in Adults Classifying headaches as primary (migraine, tension-type or cluster) or secondary can facilitate evaluation and management. A detailed headache history helps to distinguish among the primary headache disorders...
American Family Physician March 15, 2006 Cassas Cassettari-Wayhs	Childhood and Adolescent Sports-Related Overuse Injuries Each year in the United States, approximately 30 million children and teenagers participate in organized sports. Youth sports participation carries an inherent risk of injury, including overuse injuries. Here are key recommendations for practices.
American Family Physician November 1, 2005 Forman, Forman & Rose	A Clinical Approach to Diagnosing Wrist Pain Primary care physicians often are the first to evaluate and treat a patient with wrist pain. A detailed history alone may lead to a specific diagnosis in approximately 70% of patients who have wrist pain.
American Family Physician July 1, 2006 Junnila & Cartwright	Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in Children: Part I. Initial Evaluation Musculoskeletal pain can be difficult for children to characterize. A logical and consistent approach to diagnosis is recommended, with judicious use of laboratory and radiologic testing.
American Family Physician May 1, 2002 Ramsis Benjamin	Neurologic Complications of Prostate Cancer Neurologic complications continue to pose problems in patients with metastatic prostate cancer...
American Family Physician January 1, 2003 Coris & Lombardo	Tarsal Navicular Stress Fractures Stress fractures of the tarsal navicular bone are being recognized with increasing frequency in physically active persons. Diagnosis is commonly delayed, and outcome often suffers because physicians lack familiarity with the condition.
American Family Physician May 15, 2002 Doron Schneider	Diagnosis and Treatment of Paget's Disease of Bone Paget's disease of bone (also known as osteitis deformans) is a nonmalignant disease involving accelerated bone resorption followed by deposition of dense, chaotic, and ineffectively mineralized bone matrix...
American Family Physician September 1, 2002 Judd & Kim	Foot Fractures Frequently Misdiagnosed as Ankle Sprains Most ankle injuries are straightforward ligamentous injuries. However, the clinical presentation of subtle fractures can be similar to that of ankle sprains, and these fractures are frequently missed on initial examination.
American Family Physician January 15, 2003 Brunner et al.	Hip Fractures in Adults Hip fracture is a major public health problem in the United States. When hip fracture is detected early, appropriate treatment can minimize morbidity and mortality and prevent the rapid decline in quality of life that often is associated with this injury.
American Family Physician January 1, 2005 Jerry L. Old et al.	Imaging for Suspected Appendicitis Acute appendicitis is the most common reason for emergency abdominal surgery and must be distinguished from other causes of abdominal pain. Family physicians play a valuable role in the early diagnosis and management of this condition.
American Family Physician October 15, 2001 Vincent Morelli	Groin Injuries in Athletes Groin injuries comprise 2 to 5 percent of all sports injuries. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are important to prevent these injuries from becoming chronic and potentially career-limiting...
American Family Physician July 15, 2004 Tracy Aldridge	Diagnosing Heel Pain in Adults A thorough history and a physical examination of the lower extremity should be conducted to locate the pain, define its attributes, and narrow the differential diagnosis.
American Family Physician September 15, 2001 David S. Kushner	Concussion in Sports: Minimizing the Risk for Complications Mild traumatic brain injury, or concussion, is a common consequence of collisions, falls and other forms of contact in sports. The physician's responsibilities in assessing an athlete with concussion include offering guidance about the athlete's ability to return to play...
American Family Physician April 1, 2002 Richard Brunader	Radiologic Bone Assessment in the Evaluation of Osteoporosis Because osteoporosis affects a large number of patients with potentially significant morbidity and mortality, it is important to identify patients at risk so that physicians can effectively intervene...
American Family Physician November 1, 2000 Jimmy D. Miller	Acute Brachial Plexus Neuritis: An Uncommon Cause of Shoulder Pain Patients with acute brachial plexus neuritis are often misdiagnosed as having cervical radiculopathy. Acute brachial plexus neuritis is an uncommon disorder characterized by severe shoulder and upper arm pain followed by marked upper arm weakness...
American Family Physician May 1, 2002 K. Allen Greiner	Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Radiologic Decision-Making Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is lateral and rotational spinal curvature in the absence of associated congenital or neurologic abnormalities...
Managed Care March 2000 Susan Levine, Lawrence Perin, Diane Hayes, Winifred Hayes	An Evidence-Based Evaluation of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty Costs are relatively low for this minimally invasive procedure, compared with open surgical interventions for vertebral compression fractures, such as internal fixation and spinal fusion.
American Family Physician August 2001 Saud Suleiman & David E. Johnston	The Abdominal Wall: An Overlooked Source of Pain When abdominal pain is chronic and unremitting, with minimal or no relationship to eating or bowel function but often a relationship to posture (i.e., lying, sitting, standing), the abdominal wall should be suspected as the source of pain...
Nursing September 2010 Donna Nayduch	Back to basics: Identifying and managing acute spinal cord injury Spinal cord injuries involve damage to the neurons of the spinal cord. They're often devastating because they're associated with life-threatening complications and loss of functional independence.
American Family Physician January 15, 2001 James C. Higgins & James M. Fitzgerald	Evaluation of Incidental Renal and Adrenal Masses Incidental renal or adrenal masses are sometimes found during imaging for problems unrelated to the kidneys and adrenal glands. Knowledgeable family physicians can reliably diagnose these masses, thereby avoiding unnecessary worry and procedures for their patients...
American Family Physician June 15, 2001 Peter J. Carek	Diagnosis and Management of Osteomyelitis Acute osteomyelitis is the clinical term for a new infection in bone. This infection occurs predominantly in children and is often seeded hematogenously...
American Family Physician April 1, 2004 Nina Solenski	Transient Ischemic Attacks: Part I. Diagnosis and Evaluation Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is no longer considered a benign event but, rather, a critical harbinger of impending stroke.
American Family Physician September 1, 2004 Phillips, Reibach & Slomiany	Diagnosis and Management of Scaphoid Fractures Scaphoid fracture is a common injury encountered in family medicine. To avoid missing this diagnosis, a high index of suspicion and a thorough history and physical examination are necessary, because early imaging often is unrevealing.
American Family Physician April 15, 2002 Amy R. Sparks	Imaging of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Given the high rate of morbidity and mortality associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms, accurate diagnosis and preoperative evaluation are essential for improved patient outcomes...
Nurse Practitioner November 2010 Dreadin & Mancuso	Diagnostic breast evaluation: When to refer and what the results really mean Diagnostic breast imaging is an important tool in evaluating abnormal physical examination findings and assessing incomplete screening mammographic results.
American Family Physician December 1, 2003 Roth & Basello	Approach to the Adult Patient with Fever of Unknown Origin A thorough history, physical examination, and standard laboratory testing remain the basis of the initial evaluation of the patient with FUO.
American Family Physician May 1, 2005 Susan Klein	Evaluation of Palpable Breast Masses Palpable breast masses are common and usually benign, but efficient evaluation and prompt diagnosis are necessary to rule out malignancy.
Nursing April 2010 Michelle D. Smeltzer	Making a point about open fractures This article describes fractures, explains the difference between open and closed fractures, and tells how to care for a patient who's had an open fracture.
American Family Physician December 1, 2006 Higdon & Higdon	Treatment of Oncologic Emergencies Family physicians should be familiar with oncologic emergencies because treatment often is necessary before consultation with a subspecialist.
American Family Physician November 1, 2006 Lyon & Clark	Diagnosis of Acute Abdominal Pain in Older Patients Acute abdominal pain is a common presenting complaint in older patients, but may be difficult to diagnose. Here are some common causes of abdominal pain in old patients and recommendations for treatment.
American Family Physician July 1, 2003 Siva et al.	Diagnosing Acute Monoarthritis in Adults: A Practical Approach Acute monoarthritis can be the initial manifestation of many joint disorders. Because patients with acute monoarthritis often present to their family physician, a proper diagnostic approach is important.
Nursing June 2011 Cahill & Armstrong	Caring for an adult with a malignant primary brain tumor Pprimary brain tumors are relatively uncommon, occurring in an estimated 63,000 patients in the united states each year.
American Family Physician November 15, 2004 Peter A. Calabresi	Diagnosis and Management of Multiple Sclerosis The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis should be made by a physician with experience in identifying the disease. Five disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
American Family Physician September 1, 2005 Wilson & Best	Common Overuse Tendon Problems: A Review and Recommendations for Treatment Distinguishing tendinopathy from tendonitis and recommendations on appropriate treatments.
American Family Physician July 1, 2000 Charles E. Ray, Jr.	Interventional Radiology in Cancer Patients Procedures performed by an interventional radiology specialist are becoming increasingly important in the management of patients with cancer....
Nurse Practitioner June 2012 Jane E. Corrarino	Stress fractures in runners Many runners in the United States are at risk for stress-related injuries, which are largely preventable. This article explores risks, pathophysiology, diagnostic considerations, and rehabilitation.
American Family Physician November 15, 2004 Quillen, Wuchner & Hatch	Acute Shoulder Injuries It is important that family physicians understand the anatomy of the shoulder, mechanisms of injury, typical physical and radiologic findings, approach to management of injuries, and indications for referral.
American Family Physician January 1, 2007 Collins et al.	Lung Cancer: Diagnosis and Management Smoking cessation remains the critical component of preventive primary care of lung cancer. Treatment and prognosis are closely tied to the type and stage of the tumor identified.
American Family Physician October 1, 2000 Sharon Scott Morey	Practice Guidelines Headache Consortium Releases Guidelines for Use of CT or MRI in Migraine Work-up...
Nursing August 2011 Sandra C. Voda	Bad breaks: A nurse's guide to distal radius fractures The most common upper extremity fracture, distal radius fracture accounts for an estimated 17% of fractures treated in the United States emergency departments and 16% of all fractures treated by orthopedic surgeons.
Nurse Practitioner September 2010 Sarah E. Gay	An inside view of Venous Thromboembolism As the U.S. population ages, the medical and economic impact of VTE is expected to increase. The nurse practitioner plays a key role in providing prevention and intervention.