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American Journal of Nursing April 2011	Strategies for Feeding Patients with Dementia An overview of the difficulties associated with feeding those with dementia and suggestions for caregivers to help overcome these challenges.
American Journal of Nursing February 2008 DiMaria-Ghalili & Guenter	The Mini Nutritional Assessment This tool can identify malnutrition in older adults before changes in biochemistry or weight are evident.
American Journal of Nursing August 2008 Carla L. Graf	How to Try This: The Hospital Admission Risk Profile A simple screening tool can be used to classify hospitalized older adults as being at low, intermediate, or high risk for losing the ability to perform activities of daily living, based on assessments of age, cognitive function, and the ability to perform independent activities of daily living.
American Journal of Nursing October 2008	How to Try This: Working with Families of Hospitalized Older Adults with Dementia Families provide a considerable amount of informal care and support for older adults living with dementia. And when an older adult with dementia is hospitalized, family caregivers should be seen as important sources of information and included as valuable members of the health care team.
American Journal of Nursing April 2008 Wallace & Shelkey	Monitoring Functional Status in Hospitalized Older Adults The Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living can help nurses detect subtle changes in health and prevent functional decline.
American Journal of Nursing April 2008 Carla Graf	The Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale The Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale assesses a person's ability to perform tasks such as using a telephone, doing laundry, and handling finances. The scale may provide an early warning of functional decline.
American Journal of Nursing January 2008 Maslow & Mezey	Recognition of Dementia in Hospitalized Older Adults Recognition of Dementia in Hospitalized Older Adults proposes several approaches that hospital nurses can use to increase recognition of dementia. This article describes the Try This approaches, how to implement them, and how to incorporate them into a hospital's current admission procedures.
American Journal of Nursing July 2008 Horgas & Miller	Pain Assessment in People with Dementia The Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale has been designed to assess pain in this population by looking at five specific indicators.
American Journal of Nursing September 2008 Messecar et al.	The Family Preferences Index: Helping Family Members Who Want to Participate in the Care of a Hospitalized Older Adult. Researcher Hong Li developed the FPRI in 2000 after analysis of in-depth interviews with patients, families, and nurses and many hours of observing hospitalized older adults and their family caregivers.
American Journal of Nursing March 2008 Evans & Cotter	Avoiding Restraints in Patients with Dementia Understanding, prevention, and management are the keys to reducing restraint use.
American Journal of Nursing November 2007 Nancy A. Stotts	How to Try This: Predicting Pressure Ulcer Risk An assessment tool to predict the risk of pressure ulcers in the elderly.
American Journal of Nursing October 2007 Terry Fulmer	How to Try This: Fulmer SPICES Fulmer SPICES is a framework for assessing older adults. This assessment, done regularly, can lead to the prevention and treatment of common conditions.
American Journal of Nursing November 2007 Ann Hendrich	How to Try This: Predicting Patient Falls Assess a hospitalized patients risk of falling using this screening tool.
American Journal of Nursing October 2011 Carol Levine	Supporting Family Caregivers: The Hospital Nurse's Assessment of Family Caregiver Needs It's important to assess and address a family caregiver's needs, strengths, and limitations. Nurses have the training, skills, and opportunities to carry out these assessments.
American Journal of Nursing October 2008	Wandering in Hospitalized Older Adults: Identifying Risk is the First Step in This Approach to Preventing Wandering in Patients with Dementia. People who have dementia are at risk for wandering away from the safety of the care setting and becoming lost in the community. Here are three critical elements of prevention and action.
American Journal of Nursing December 2008	Screening Older Adults for Executive Dysfunction The detection of executive dysfunction is essential to helping a patient remain as safe and independent as possible.
American Journal of Nursing May 2008 Carole A. Smyth	Evaluating Sleep Quality in Older Adults: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index can be used to detect sleep disturbances or deficits. Get more information on why it's important for nurses to screen older patients for sleep difficulties, as well as why the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is the right tool for the job.
American Journal of Nursing November 2008 Hyer & Brown	The Impact of Event Scale-- Revised: A Quick Measure of a Patient's Response to Trauma The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) provides a structured way for a patient to communicate distress when she or he may not have the words to do so.
American Journal of Nursing November 2011	Supporting Family Caregivers: Teaching Essential Skills to Family Caregivers Nurses can use 'teachable moments' to help the transition from hospital to home care.
American Journal of Nursing January 2008 Fick & Mion	How to Try This: Delirium Superimposed on Dementia Delirium is common in older adults who have dementia, but too often nurses confuse the symptoms of delirium with those of dementia and it goes unrecognized and untreated. Delirium can signal a serious underlying condition such as infection or dehydration.
American Family Physician June 1, 2002 Jeffrey L. Cummings	Guidelines for Managing Alzheimer's Disease: Part I. Assessment Family physicians play a key role in assessing and managing patients with Alzheimer's disease and in linking the families of these patients to supportive services within the community.
American Family Physician April 15, 2002 Ina Li	Feeding Tubes in Patients with Severe Dementia Patients with advanced dementia are among the most challenging patients to care for. Health care professionals commonly rely on feeding tubes to supply nutrition to these severely demented patients. However, various studies have not shown use of feeding tubes to be effective...
American Journal of Nursing December 2008	Screening for Mistreatment of Older Adults The Elder Assessment Instrument provides a way for nurses to screen older adults for possible mistreatment and can be used in most clinical settings.
American Family Physician March 15, 2006 Carr et al.	Older Adult Drivers with Cognitive Impairment In patients who continue to drive, physicians should assess pertinent cognitive domains, determine the severity and etiology of the dementia, and screen for risky driving behaviors.
American Family Physician February 15, 2002 Grace Brooke Huffman	Evaluating and Treating Unintentional Weight Loss in the Elderly Unintentional weight loss in the elderly patient can be difficult to evaluate. Accurate evaluation is essential, however, because this problem is associated with increased morbidity and mortality...
American Journal of Nursing June 2008 Ellen Flaherty	How to Try This: Using Pain-Rating Scales with Older Adults Pain is often undertreated and underdiagnosed in older adults. Regular use of short, simple, reliable pain-rating scales provides nurses and physicians with measurable information to establish and modify a pain management plan.
American Journal of Nursing February 2009 Janet K. Specht	Assessment of Transient Urinary Incontinence in Older Adults Many caregivers erroneously consider urinary incontinence to be inevitable in older adults. Failure to identify and respond to transient urinary incontinence may lead to established incontinence and to other poor outcomes.
American Journal of Nursing November 2008 Madeline A. Naegle	Screening for Alcohol Use and Misuse in Older Adults: Using the Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test--Geriatric Version The availability of accurate, easy-to-use screening tools to detect people in need of counseling can increase the number of older adults whose lives can be improved and even lengthened.
American Journal of Nursing March 2011 Jablonski et al.	The Use of Algorithms in Assessing and Managing Persistent Pain in Older Adults This article introduces readers to the use of algorithms in guiding the assessment and management of persistent pain in older adults, and provides an illustrative case study.
American Family Physician February 15, 2001 Karen S. Santacruz & Daniel Swagerty	Early Diagnosis of Dementia As more treatment options become available, it will become increasingly important to diagnose dementia early...
American Family Physician July 15, 2004 Robertson & Montagnini	Geriatric Failure to Thrive Some elderly patients, including those who do not have acute illness or severe chronic disease, eventually undergo a process of functional decline, progressive apathy, and a loss of willingness to eat and drink that culminates in death.
American Journal of Nursing December 2011 Mary K. Walton	Supporting Family Caregivers: Communicating with Family Caregivers A transformation is under way in acute care, at least in the United States, from provider-centered care to patient- and family-centered care.
American Family Physician May 1, 2005 Adelman & Daly	Initial Evaluation of the Patient with Suspected Dementia It is common for older patients to present to family physicians with concerns of memory loss. With an accurate and timely diagnosis of dementia, appropriate therapies can be initiated to reduce further cognitive decline.
American Journal of Nursing July 2011 Brodkey et al.	Living Well with Multiple Sclerosis Improvements in magnetic resonance imaging and the advent of disease-modifying therapies in the past 15 years have changed the diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis
American Journal of Nursing September 2009 Judith K. Schwarz	Stopping Eating and Drinking The author describes stopping eating and drinking, as well as other clinical practices associated with hastening dying. Should this practice be distinguished from suicide; and what are the ethical and legal implications for nurses.
Nursing Management February 2008 Susan Gallagher Camden	A Captive Condition: Childhood Obesity Both patient safety and caregiver injury are fast becoming serious considerations in managing care of children who are obese.
American Family Physician February 15, 2006 Rayner et al.	Behavior Disorders of Dementia: Recognition and Treatment Psychosis may pose a greater challenge than cognitive decline for patients with dementia and their caregivers. Goals of treatment should include symptom reduction and preservation of quality of life.
American Family Physician December 15, 2000 Susan Mockus Parks & Karen D. Novielli	A Practical Guide to Caring for Caregivers Patients who provide care to family members or friends with dementia are likely to be in a family physician's practice. The caregiver role can be stressful, and identifying these patients can give the family physician opportunities to help patients cope with the challenges of the role...
Nurse Practitioner August 2011 Davis et al.	Supportive approaches for Alzheimer Disease Alzheimer disease accounts for almost 80% of all dementia diagnoses. Currently, more than 5 million Americans suffer from this debilitating illness, with the highest prevalence in the oldest age groups.
Nursing September 2008 Denise L. Lyons et al.	Double Trouble: When Delirium Complicates Dementia Learn to protect a patient with dementia from the disabling effects of delirium.
Nursing Management December 2010 Raso & Gulinello	Creating Cultures of Safety: Risk Management Challenges and Strategies The role of the nurse manager in directing patient care and influencing change from a risk perspective is paramount to success.
American Journal of Nursing April 2006 Rader et al.	The Bathing Of Older Adults with Dementia Inexpensive, practical, and evidence-based alternatives to force bathing patients are advocated and discussed.
Nursing Management August 2009 Jenkins et al.	Nursing the spirit The concept of spirituality in nursing is deeply rooted in the history of our profession, yet it's often overlooked in nursing practice.
American Family Physician December 15, 2000 James O'Brien	Caring for Caregivers Long-term care given by family members is a central component of our current health care system and, thus, a critical social policy issue...
Nursing April 2011 Sally Austin	Stay Out of Court with Proper Documentation Here is a practical guideline to help you document your assessments and interventions completely, accurately, and concisely. Doing so not only improves patient care, but also shields you from legal fallout if something goes wrong.
Nursing July 2009 Penny S. Brooke	Legally speaking...When can you say NO? As a nurse, accepting responsibilities that are beyond the scope of your license or skill level can have serious consequences for you, your patients, and your nursing career.
American Journal of Nursing March 2011 O'Lynn & Krautscheid	Original Research: 'How Should I Touch You?': A Qualitative Study of Attitudes on Intimate Touch in Nursing Care This study sought to elicit the attitudes of laypersons on intimate touch provided by nurses in general and male nurses in particular.
American Journal of Nursing January 2010	Life-Support Interventions at the End of Life: Unintended Consequences Nurses need to be knowledgeable life-support interventions at the end of life and able to communicate what they know about those consequences to patients, family members, and others on the health care team, leading to better decision making at this difficult time.
Nursing Management July 2007 Coyle et al.	Dealing with Disaster Terrorism and naturally occurring catastrophic events provide fertile ground for nursing emergency preparedness, including deployment strategies. Are you ready to respond?
American Family Physician April 1, 2006 Neef & Walling	Dementia with Lewy Bodies: An Emerging Disease Dementia with Lewy bodies appears to be the second most common form of dementia, accounting for about one in five cases. The condition is characterized by dementia accompanied by delirium, visual hallucinations, and parkinsonism.