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American Family Physician September 1, 2003 Calmbach & Hutchens	Evaluation of Patients Presenting with Knee Pain: Part II. Differential Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
American Family Physician October 15, 2001 Vincent Morelli	Groin Injuries in Athletes Groin injuries comprise 2 to 5 percent of all sports injuries. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are important to prevent these injuries from becoming chronic and potentially career-limiting...
American Family Physician September 1, 2005 Wilson & Best	Common Overuse Tendon Problems: A Review and Recommendations for Treatment Distinguishing tendinopathy from tendonitis and recommendations on appropriate treatments.
American Family Physician January 15, 2007 Dixit et al.	Management of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Patellofemoral pain syndrome is the most common cause of knee pain in the outpatient setting. It is caused by imbalances in the forces controlling patellar tracking during knee flexion and extension, particularly with overloading of the joint.
American Family Physician November 15, 2004 Quillen, Wuchner & Hatch	Acute Shoulder Injuries It is important that family physicians understand the anatomy of the shoulder, mechanisms of injury, typical physical and radiologic findings, approach to management of injuries, and indications for referral.
American Family Physician January 1, 2003 Coris & Lombardo	Tarsal Navicular Stress Fractures Stress fractures of the tarsal navicular bone are being recognized with increasing frequency in physically active persons. Diagnosis is commonly delayed, and outcome often suffers because physicians lack familiarity with the condition.
American Family Physician September 1, 2002 Judd & Kim	Foot Fractures Frequently Misdiagnosed as Ankle Sprains Most ankle injuries are straightforward ligamentous injuries. However, the clinical presentation of subtle fractures can be similar to that of ankle sprains, and these fractures are frequently missed on initial examination.
American Family Physician July 15, 2004 Tracy Aldridge	Diagnosing Heel Pain in Adults A thorough history and a physical examination of the lower extremity should be conducted to locate the pain, define its attributes, and narrow the differential diagnosis.
American Family Physician July 15, 2001 Swagerty & Hellinger	Radiographic Assessment of Osteoarthritis Worldwide, osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis and it is among the most prevalent and disabling chronic conditions in the United States.
American Family Physician June 1, 2002 S. Craig Humphreys	Neuroimaging in Low Back Pain Patients commonly present to family physicians with low back pain. Because the majority of patients fully or partially recover within six weeks, imaging studies are generally not recommended in the first month of acute low back pain.
American Family Physician November 1, 2005 Forman, Forman & Rose	A Clinical Approach to Diagnosing Wrist Pain Primary care physicians often are the first to evaluate and treat a patient with wrist pain. A detailed history alone may lead to a specific diagnosis in approximately 70% of patients who have wrist pain.
American Family Physician September 1, 2003 Calmbach & Hutchens	Evaluation of Patients Presenting with Knee Pain: Part I History, physical examination, radiographs, and laboratory tests
Nurse Practitioner June 2012 Jane E. Corrarino	Stress fractures in runners Many runners in the United States are at risk for stress-related injuries, which are largely preventable. This article explores risks, pathophysiology, diagnostic considerations, and rehabilitation.
American Family Physician January 1, 2001 Michael W. Wolfe	Management of Ankle Sprains Without adequate care, acute ankle trauma can result in chronic joint instability. Use of a standardized protocol enhances the management of ankle sprains...
American Family Physician October 15, 2003 Sanderlin & Raspa	Common Stress Fractures Stress fractures are among the most common sports injuries and are frequently managed by family physicians. A stress fracture should be suspected in any patient presenting with localized bone or periosteal pain.
American Family Physician August 15, 2001 Daisy Arce	Recognizing Spinal Cord Emergencies Physicians who work in primary care settings and emergency departments frequently evaluate patients with neck and back pain. Spinal cord emergencies are uncommon, but injury must be recognized early so that the diagnosis can be quickly confirmed...
American Family Physician March 15, 2003 Tallia et al.	Diagnostic and Therapeutic Injection of the Shoulder Region The shoulder is the site of multiple injuries and inflammatory conditions that lend themselves to diagnostic and therapeutic injection. This article covers the anatomy, pathology, diagnosis, and injection technique of common sites in which this skill is applicable.
American Family Physician January 1, 2004 Old & Calvert	Vertebral Compression Fractures in the Elderly Compression fracture of the vertebral body is common, especially in older adults. Vertebral compression fractures usually are caused by osteoporosis. Family physicians can help patients prevent compression fractures by diagnosing and treating predisposing factors.
American Family Physician July 1, 2006 Junnila & Cartwright	Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in Children: Part I. Initial Evaluation Musculoskeletal pain can be difficult for children to characterize. A logical and consistent approach to diagnosis is recommended, with judicious use of laboratory and radiologic testing.
Nurse Practitioner May 2009 Yvonne D'Arcy	Is Low Back Pain Getting on Your Nerves? The pain and disability of low back pain are the most common reasons patients seek healthcare. Here are tools for diagnosis and treatment options.
American Family Physician May 1, 2002 Michael F. Mazzone	Common Conditions of the Achilles Tendon The Achilles tendon, the largest tendon in the body, is vulnerable to injury because of its limited blood supply and the combination of forces to which it is subjected...
American Family Physician December 1, 2005 Cole, Seto & Gazewood	Plantar Fasciitis: Evidence-Based Review of Diagnosis and Therapy Most interventions used to manage plantar fasciitis have not been studied adequately; however, shoe inserts, stretching exercises, steroid injection, and custom-made night splints may be beneficial.
AskMen.com Sabrina Rogers	Top 10 Common Sports Injuries Read on to find out which injuries are most common, as well as ways to prevent and treat these ailments.
American Family Physician October 15, 2006 John W. Whiteside	Management of Head and Neck Injuries by the Sideline Physician Injuries to the head and neck are common in sports. Sideline physicians must be attentive and prepared with an organized approach to detect and manage these injuries.
American Family Physician February 1, 2007 Gravlee & Van Durme	Braces and Splints for Musculoskeletal Conditions Family physicians often must make decisions regarding the use of braces or splints in the management of musculoskeletal disorders. Bracing can be useful for acute injuries, and also for chronic conditions and in the prevention of injury.
American Family Physician January 15, 2003 Brunner et al.	Hip Fractures in Adults Hip fracture is a major public health problem in the United States. When hip fracture is detected early, appropriate treatment can minimize morbidity and mortality and prevent the rapid decline in quality of life that often is associated with this injury.
AskMen.com November 1, 2001 Ian Lee	Preventing Sports Injuries You don't need expensive gear to prevent injuries; just the basics and a bit of knowledge...
American Family Physician March 1, 2006 Leggit & Meko	Acute Finger Injuries: Part II. Fractures, Dislocations, and Thumb Injuries Family physicians can treat most finger fractures and dislocations, but when necessary, prompt referral to an orthopedic or hand surgeon is important to maximize future function. Examination includes radiography and physical examination to detect fractures.
Nursing August 2011 Sandra C. Voda	Bad breaks: A nurse's guide to distal radius fractures The most common upper extremity fracture, distal radius fracture accounts for an estimated 17% of fractures treated in the United States emergency departments and 16% of all fractures treated by orthopedic surgeons.
AskMen.com Abigail Ekue-Smith	Weekend Warrior Injuries A look at the most common sports injuries and how to prevent them.
American Family Physician July 1, 2003 Siva et al.	Diagnosing Acute Monoarthritis in Adults: A Practical Approach Acute monoarthritis can be the initial manifestation of many joint disorders. Because patients with acute monoarthritis often present to their family physician, a proper diagnostic approach is important.
Nursing April 2010 Michelle D. Smeltzer	Making a point about open fractures This article describes fractures, explains the difference between open and closed fractures, and tells how to care for a patient who's had an open fracture.
American Family Physician October 1, 2003 Tallia & Cardone	Diagnostic and Therapeutic Injection of the Ankle and Foot Joint and soft tissue injection of the ankle and foot region is a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the family physician. This article reviews the injection procedure for the plantar fascia, ankle joint, tarsal tunnel, interdigital space, and first metatarsophalangeal joint.
American Family Physician December 1, 2002 Cardone & Tallia	Diagnostic and Therapeutic Injection of the Elbow Region Joint injection of the elbow is a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the family physician. In this article, the injection procedures for the elbow joint, medial and lateral epicondylitis, and olecranon bursitis are reviewed.
American Family Physician April 15, 2004 Daniels, Zook, & Lynch	Hand and Wrist Injuries: Part II. Emergent Evaluation The emergent evaluation, triage, and stabilization of hand and wrist injuries.
American Family Physician November 1, 2006 Lyon & Clark	Diagnosis of Acute Abdominal Pain in Older Patients Acute abdominal pain is a common presenting complaint in older patients, but may be difficult to diagnose. Here are some common causes of abdominal pain in old patients and recommendations for treatment.
American Family Physician August 2001 Saud Suleiman & David E. Johnston	The Abdominal Wall: An Overlooked Source of Pain When abdominal pain is chronic and unremitting, with minimal or no relationship to eating or bowel function but often a relationship to posture (i.e., lying, sitting, standing), the abdominal wall should be suspected as the source of pain...
American Family Physician May 15, 2001 Quincy C. Wang & Brett A. Johnson	Fingertip Injuries The family physician often provides the first and only medical intervention for fingertip injuries. Proper diagnosis and management of fingertip injuries are vital to maintaining proper function of the hand and preventing permanent disability...
Nurse Practitioner May 2012 Hammersla & Kapustin	Peripheral Neuropathy: Evidence-based treatment of a complex disorder Peripheral neuropathy is a common and often progressive condition frequently seen in primary care. The chronic pain associated with PN, or neuropathic pain, can significantly diminish patients' quality of life and be challenging to treat.
Nursing July 2011 Susan Simmons	Recognizing and Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis Here's what rheumatoid arthritis is, how it's diagnosed and treated, and what you can do to help patients manage the disease.
American Family Physician May 15, 2003 Cardone & Tallia	Diagnostic and Therapeutic Injection of the Hip and Knee Joint injection of the hip and knee regions is a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the family physician. In this article, the injection procedure for the greater trochanteric bursa, the knee joint, the pes anserine bursa, the iliotibial band, and the prepatellar bursa is reviewed.
American Family Physician March 15, 2005 Mark H. Ebell	Evaluating the Patient with a Knee Injury What is the most appropriate evaluation for a patient with an acute knee injury? Traditionally, physical examination maneuvers, such as the Lachman test, the pivot shift, the anterior drawer, and the McMurray test, have been recommended for patients with acute or subacute knee injury.
Nurse Practitioner December 2011	Managing pain in obese patients Obesity-related pain conditions can limit the patient's efforts at increasing activity and limit quality of life. This article will offer information on these conditions and treatment options.
American Family Physician April 1, 2003 Rodriguez et al.	Prevention and Treatment of Common Eye Injuries in Sports Sports and recreational activities are becoming increasingly popular and account for more than 40,000 eye injuries each year in the United States. Athletes should be educated by team physicians about proper eye and facial protection and encouraged to use protective devices.
Nursing Management March 2012 Yvonne D'Arcy	Pain and obesity It can be a challenge to provide effective pain management for obese patients; however, a multimodal pain management regimen that combines medications and complementary techniques can help increase pain relief.
American Family Physician February 15, 2002 David J. Alvarez	Trigger Points: Diagnosis and Management Trigger points are discrete, focal, hyperirritable spots located in a taut band of skeletal muscle. They produce pain locally and in a referred pattern and often accompany chronic musculoskeletal disorders...
American Family Physician November 15, 2005 William E. Cayley	Diagnosing the Cause of Chest Pain Distinguishing between serious and benign causes of chest pain is imperative, and diagnostic and prognostic questions are important in making this determination.
Nurse Practitioner November 2011 Tracy Brazziel et al.	Stopping the Wave of PAD Early detection and diagnosis of atherosclerotic disease is imperative. Here, learn the risk factors, screening and diagnosis for this disease.
Nurse Practitioner April 2012 Firestone et al.	Optimizing fibromyalgia management This article summarizes current information regarding the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic standards, and pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments necessary to successfully manage FM.
American Journal of Nursing December 2010 Baldridge & Andrasek	Pain Assessment in People with Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities Nurses in all settings need to be knowledgeable about alternate pain assessment methods.