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National Defense April 2012 Sapolsky & Schrage	More Than Technology Needed to Defeat Roadside Bombs Soldiers and Marines in Afghanistan call the bigger IEDs "Buffalo killers" for the type of MRAP that they can destroy.
National Defense October 2006 Sandra Erwin	Roadside Bombs: An `Arms Race' With No End in Sight Marine Corps Brig. Gen. Douglas Stone conveys to defense contractors and government scientists the frustration that military commanders experience in the war zone, where inescapably, almost on a daily basis, troops are killed and maimed by hidden explosives.
National Defense March 2005 Roxana Tiron	Insurgents Learn to Exploit U.S. Military's Vulnerabilities As insurgents continue to develop more lethal means to attack U.S. forces and allies in Iraq, both military and private security officials have been conducting briefings on how to recognize and avoid the ubiquitous threats of suicide bombs, roadside mines and ambushes.
National Defense July 2006 Stew Magnuson	Improvised Explosive Threat Reaches Global Scale The end state of successful accomplishment of a special U.S. military group's mission is eliminating the improvised explosive device as a weapon of strategic influence for the enemy. It's no singular, simple task.
IEEE Spectrum September 2008 Glenn Zorpette	Countering IEDS Billions of dollars spent on defeating improvised explosive devices are beginning to show what technology can and cannot do for the evolving struggle
National Defense July 2011 Stew Magnuson	Pentagon Still Playing Catch-Up With Bomb Makers The U.S. military's cadre of bomb disposal technicians needs lighter equipment, the ability to detect explosives at stand-off distances and their sensors consolidated into one handheld device.
National Defense December 2005 Sandra I. Erwin	Controlling Iraq's Crowded Airspace No Easy Task The Air Defense Artillery Center is working to avoid collisions between unmanned drones and helicopters over Iraq. Future airspace control plans include defense against cruise missiles, rockets, artillery and mortars.
National Defense October 2015 Stew Magnuson	JIEDDO Emerges From Wars as Combat Support Agency In May, the Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization was given a new name and a permanent place in the Pentagon bureaucracy under acquisition, technology and logistics at the office of the secretary of defense.
National Defense August 2007 Grace Jean	Defense Technologies for an Uncertain Future The United States is at a crossroads when it comes to developing defense technologies for a future that seems obscure at best.
Defense Update Issue 2, 2005	IED -- Shaped Charges Attacks on American troops from IEDs are on the rise. US forces are using jamming devices to disable remote controlled denotation, but the insurgents are adapting with new techniques.
National Defense June 2007 Stew Magnuson	Bomb Making Skills Spread Globally The war in Iraq is accelerating the development of IED technology as terrorists and insurgents are forced to adapt their methods to defeat countermeasures.
National Defense September 2006 Sandra I. Erwin	Defense Engineers Ponder `Modest Adjustments' for Connecting Forces Incompatible weapon systems and disjointed information networks continue to be a source of frustration at the Defense Department.
National Defense December 2007 Stew Magnuson	U.S. Military Still Struggling to Understand Urban Environment Even after four years of combat in Iraq, industry and the Pentagon seem slow to catch up to the demands of urban war.
National Defense June 2004 Sandra I. Erwin	More Than Technology Is Needed to Win Wars As events unfold in Iraq, much second-guessing goes on in Washington, not just about the overall U.S. strategy or lack thereof, but also on whether the hundreds of billions of dollars allocated every year to weapon systems are being spent on the right things.
National Defense December 2009 Grace V. Jean	To Train Troops, Army Creates Digital Reenactments of Roadside Bomb Attacks Video footage of insurgents burying improvised explosive devices, or IEDs, is among the data collected by analysts who are assisting simulation experts at the joint training counter-IED operations integration center.
National Defense April 2006 David Axe	Soldiers, Marines Team Up in `Trailblazer' Patrols The Army and Marine Corps in Iraq are pressing new and adapted systems into service to combat improvised explosive devices. Many of these innovations empower soldiers to tackle the threat without always relying on bomb-disposal specialists.
National Defense November 2005 Sandra I. Erwin	Intelligence: The Silver Bullet That Will Beat the Insurgency Until the military can come to grips with their intelligence problem in Iraq, it will continue to pay the price in the form of casualties, which have now reached nearly 2,000 dead and more than 14,000 wounded.
IEEE Spectrum November 2007 Robert N. Charette	Open-Source Warfare Terrorists are leveraging information technology to organize, recruit, and learn -- and the West is struggling to keep up. The conflict in Iraq highlights how the open global access to increasingly powerful technological tools is in effect allowing small groups to declare war on nations.
National Defense November 2009 Erwin, Jean & Magnuson	Today's Fights Expose Technological Weak Spots Disruptive challenges, such as roadside bombs, combatants camouflaged as civilians, and insurgent camps that are undetectable by electronic sensors, have forced U.S. military leaders to search for new tactics and technologies.
National Defense November 2010 Eric Beidel	Trainers Go 'Hollywood' to Counter IEDs Coming soon to a theater of operations: Troops who use storytelling and role-play to defeat roadside bombs. As part of a new interactive program, military forces will play the part of insurgents and try to carry out simulated attacks on their colleagues.
National Defense June 2004 Sandra I. Erwin	Redefining Combat Among the hard lessons the U.S. Army is learning in Iraq is that the line between "major combat" and "stability operations" is blurred, at best, and that the enemy gets to decide when the war is finally over.
National Defense August 2009 Sandra I. Erwin	Future War: How The Game is Changing "It's hard to concentrate on a grand strategy when your house is on fire," said Marine Corps Gen. James Mattis, head of U.S. Joint Forces Command. Even as they cope with the frantic demands of two major wars, military leaders say they have a clearer sense of the future than they did in the 1990s.
National Defense January 2012 Sandra I. Erwin	Buried Bombs Can Be Destroyed, But Not Defeated The weapons of choice of U.S. enemies, improvised explosive devices, are like deadly viruses that mutate in reaction to vaccines. They cannot be wiped out, only temporarily thwarted.
National Defense July 2005 Sandra I. Erwin	Urban Fighting Highlights Need for Smaller Weapons The U.S. military services spend billions of dollars on precision-guided bombs, missiles and artillery shells, which, for the most part, have proved inadequate for urban fighting in Iraqi cities.
National Defense May 2005 Sandra I. Erwin	Trial by COMBAT Buyers and developers of military equipment readily admit that the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have thrown into question many of the traditional assumptions about the way the Defense Department acquires new technology.
Parameters Autumn 2007 Christopher M. Schnaubelt	Whither the RMA? The present Department of Defense (DOD) focus on technological solutions to increase capabilities may be misguided by a vision of a high-tech Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA).
National Defense October 2004 Roxana Tiron	Marine Corps Laboratory Strives To Respond to Pressing Needs As Marines prepare for extended combat duty in Iraq, the Corps' research arm is seeking solutions to problems ranging from countering roadside bombs to refining urban combat tactics.
National Defense September 2005 Sandra Erwin	Defense Dept. Rhetoric Reflects War Frustrations Defense officials know so little about the insurgency American troops are combating in Iraq they decided that detailed information about the enemy, such as its strength and capabilities, is not all that important to winning the war.
Parameters Summer 2004 Gordon & Sollinger	The Army's Dilemma The Army is perceived by many as unimaginative, obstructionist, and wedded to concepts of warfare that are increasingly irrelevant to the current geopolitical environment. This article suggests an explanation for this perception and ways the Army might alter it.
National Defense February 2006 Lawrence P. Farrell	Armor Innovation Needs to Stay on Fast Track Even if the administration begins what could be a limited drawdown of forces in Iraq, efforts to develop new armor capabilities -- and to ensure adequate funding and resources for armored vehicles and other force-protection equipment -- must continue.
National Defense May 2004 Sandra Erwin	Degree of Violence Surprised Officials Although Army officials insist that they had anticipated a certain level of violence in post-Saddam Iraq, they still were surprised by the "quantity and quality" of the attacks, said Gen. Dan K. McNeill.
National Defense June 2007 Grace Jean	Combat Veterans Catalog Equipment Shortfalls Many requested improvements in communications devices, batteries and weapons that, in many cases, are failing in the fight.
National Defense May 2008 Sandra I. Erwin	In Today's Wars, Air Strikes Under Fire The Air Force and the Army feud over who gets to be in charge of the "big guns" on the battlefield. The rivalry has become irrelevant in current wars, where one doesn't win by killing, but by gaining the trust of the population.
National Defense October 2015 Stew Magnuson	Bomb Squads Need the Best Tools Available Bomb squads -- both military and civilian -- deserve and need the very best technologies the nation can offer them.
Military & Aerospace Electronics November 2006 John Keller	A COTS response to the IED threat U.S. Marine Corps personnel in Iraq are using commercial off-the-shelf handheld spectrum analyzers to sniff out, pinpoint, and retaliate against those triggering IEDs with cell phones, garage-door openers or other RF devices.
National Defense December 2006 Stew Magnuson	Researchers Tout New Counter-IED Technology The Local Eyes concept would be a way for the coalition forces in Iraq to use the relatively robust cellular phone network there against insurgents.
IEEE Spectrum March 2006 C. A. Fowler	Asymmetric Warfare: A Primer The armed forces of United States are the most capable military ever assembled. Are they designed, however, to handle a determined insurgency? Here's a look using famous engineer Frederick W. Lanchester's Mathematics in Warfare as a guide.
National Defense December 2005 Sandra I. Erwin	Mock `IEDs' Help Soldiers Prepare for War Devices that replicate Iraq's roadside bombs are in such high demand at U.S. military training ranges that the Army recently doubled its orders for so-called "IED simulators."
National Defense September 2013 Jeffrey Trumbore	Combat Experience of Bomb-Disposal Teams Should Be Codified The last 12 years of conflict have firmly established the roles of explosive ordnance disposal teams in supporting joint operations.
National Defense January 2006 Sandra I. Erwin	Defense Dept. to Host Industry Conference Targeting `Improvised Explosive Devices' Despite its technological prowess when it comes to weapon systems, the Pentagon has yet to come up with an effective solution to curb the rising casualty toll in Iraq resulting from improvised explosive devices, or IEDs.
National Defense October 2005 Sandra I. Erwin	Army to Deploy Web-Based Intelligence Network The Army will soon begin deploying a "joint intelligence operations capability" in Iraq -- a web-based catalog of information that soldiers at the battalion level can access from high-speed workstations.
National Defense May 2005 Harold Kennedy	Anti-Terrorism Focus A government research organization that traditionally has concentrated on homeland defense efforts is shifting its attention to the problem of improvised explosive devices, which are taking a heavy toll on U.S. and coalition forces in Iraq.
National Defense November 2006 Stew Magnuson	Progress at Warfighting Lab Measured in Ounces Reducing the weight Marines must bear in the field is one of the Marine Corps warfighting laboratory's primary goals.
National Defense January 2013 Rich Sorelle	How to Equip the U.S. Military For Future Electronic Warfare The Navy and Air Force have adopted "air-sea battle." The concept entails highly coordinated, cross-domain operations designed to "disrupt the adversary's intelligence collection and command and control used to employ A2/AD weapons systems.
National Defense July 2008 Breanne Wagner	Marine Corps Ponders Latest MRAP Lessons As thousands of mine resistant, ambush protected vehicles are rushed to the battlefields in Iraq and Afghanistan, military officials say that the enemy already has found ways to beat the heavily armored trucks, known as MRAPs.
National Defense November 2011 Beidel et al.	10 Technologies the U.S. Military Will Need For the Next War Examples are faster and quieter helicopters, advanced crowd-control weapons, lighter infantry equipment that doesn't overburden troops, ultra-light trucks and better battlefield communications.
National Defense January 2005 Roxana Tiron	Army Badly Equipped To Fight in Low-Intensity Wars The Army's most ambitious procurement program, the Future Combat Systems, may be directed at the wrong threat and the service needs to adjust its investments accordingly.
National Defense November 2004 Roxana Tiron	Pentagon Seeks Joint Doctrine, Training for Personnel Recovery Despite accounting for each and every missing soldier in the Iraq war the combat search and rescue community is stretched thin and grappling with gaps ranging from policy to training.
Military & Aerospace Electronics October 2007 Courtney E. Howard	Aided by Electronics It is a busy time for technology companies and defense organizations in the electronic warfare and signals intelligence industry.
National Defense March 2006 Harold Kennedy	At Special Ops Forum, Experts Weigh Prospect of WMD Attacks As military leaders devote increasing attention to neutralizing roadside bombs in Iraq, specialists caution that it would be a mistake to dismiss the threat posed by weapons of mass destruction.