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Technology Research News February 11, 2004 Eric Smalley	Light-storing chip charted Storing light, even briefly, was considered impossible until recently. Since scientists have proved it could be done, they've been finding different ways of accomplishing the feat. A proposal for slowing and stopping light in photonic crystal promises to bring these experiments to the chip level.
Technology Research News November 19, 2003 Eric Smalley	Switch promises optical chips Computers have historically been electronic rather than photonic because lightwaves, while great for sending signals over long distances, are controlled by equipment that has proven difficult to shrink to computer chip scale. The rise of photonic crystals promises to narrow the gap.
Technology Research News April 6, 2005 Eric Smalley	Scheme Reverses Light Pulses Researchers have developed a method for accurately time-reversing electromagnetic pulses, making it possible to receive a light pulse and return a replica of exactly the same size, shape and wavelength.
Technology Research News February 9, 2005	Lens design promises tight spots A new photonic crystal lens can focus near-field light to a spot one-quarter of the light's wavelength. The device can be used to make smaller, faster computer chips and memory. It could also be used in super-resolution microscopes.
Technology Research News April 23, 2003 Eric Smalley	Silver bits channel nano light Researchers from the California Institute of Technology and the University of Southern California have found a way to guide near-field light over short distances through channels that are several times narrower than the wavelengths of light.
Technology Research News July 2, 2003	Tiny T splits light Researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology have designed a compact photonic crystal multiplexer that splits a lightwave into two slightly different colors.
Technology Research News November 19, 2003	Liquid Crystal Tunes Fiber Researchers have combined photonic crystal and liquid crystal to make an optical fiber whose properties can change according to temperature. The combination allows the researchers to change the properties of the light inside the fiber.
Technology Research News November 3, 2004	Photonic Crystal Lasers Juiced Researchers have made a photonic crystal laser that is driven by electric current. The device could eventually be used as a source of single photons for quantum cryptography and communications devices.
Technology Research News July 28, 2004 Eric Smalley	Photonic chips go 3D Computer chips made from photonic crystal promise better communications equipment and ultrafast, all-optical computers
IEEE Spectrum December 2007 Neil Savage	Slower Light for Faster Telecom Networks Promising research could yield better optical data storage.
Technology Research News November 5, 2003 Eric Smalley	Crystal fiber goes distance Making fiber-optic lines that are hollow is one step toward more efficient telecommunications. Making lines that are full of holes goes further. Lots of regularly spaced holes bend light, which keeps it on the straight and narrow.
Technology Research News October 22, 2003	Fiber handles powerful pulses Researchers from Cornell University and Corning, Inc. have shown that it's possible to preserve the shape, intensity and color of a very high-power light pulse as it travels through 200 meters of a fiber-optic cable.
Technology Research News March 24, 2004 Kimberly Patch	Pulse trap makes optical switch Scientists who work with light pulses so short that one trillion of them pass by in a second are laying the groundwork for higher bandwidth communications and blazingly-fast, all-optical computer chips.
Technology Research News March 10, 2004 Eric Smalley	X-shape pulses hold together A team of researchers in Italy and Lithuanian has found that under certain conditions a pulse of light can form an X shape that does not spread out.
Technology Research News March 24, 2004	Irregular layout sharpens light Aperiodic photonic crystal could improve devices that shape, detect and filter light, including communications devices like photodetectors, demultiplexers, which sort wavelengths of light, and channel drop filters, which filter out different wavelengths.
Technology Research News February 11, 2004	Magnets tune photonic crystal Researchers from Fudan University in China have found that it is possible to use a magnetic field to quickly shift or block certain frequencies of electromagnetic signals passing through photonic crystals made from semiconductor material.
Technology Research News December 15, 2004 Eric Smalley	Silicon Ring Boosts Light Chips Researchers have developed an all-optical switch that is made from silicon and is small enough to be made by the thousands on computer chips.
Technology Research News September 8, 2004	Photonic Crystal Throttles Light Researchers have showed that the spacing of a photonic crystal can be used to control the timing of light emitted by a quantum dot.
Technology Research News June 29, 2005	Crystal promises more light Spontaneous emission from chip-based devices like light-emitting diodes can lower efficiency and create noise. Researchers have created a device that can harness the energy from the emissions and put them towards positive ends.
Wired September 2000 Charles Platt	Bright Switch A tiny crystal full of holes is about to smash the electronic speed limit, and in the coming photonics era, superfast optical networking is only the beginning.
Technology Research News June 29, 2005	Silicon light switch is electric Researchers created a small silicon device, driven by optics, that could result in faster computer chips.
Technology Research News June 16, 2004	Scheme Optimizes Light Chips Researchers have borrowed a design tool developed for mechanical engineering to improve the efficiency of nano-size optical waveguides.
Technology Research News June 18, 2003 Eric Smalley	Chip sorts colors The simple concept of proportionality is the key to a significant advance in the emerging field of integrated optics -- chips that control light rather than electricity.
Technology Research News August 27, 2003	Crystal shortens infrared waves Researchers from Sandia National Laboratories have found a way to make a tungsten photonic crystal emit 1.5 micron lightwaves, which are in the near-infrared, or heat range. This makes it useful for thermal photovoltaic devices, which turn heat into electricity.
Chemistry World November 11, 2011 Charlie Quigg	Invisible ink for the 21st century Scientists from China have developed a new lithographic printing technique to layer a pattern onto photonic paper.
Technology Research News March 10, 2004	Patterned fiber makes tiny scope Researchers from the University of Sydney in Australia have found a way to make an endoscope that's a dozen times smaller than today's 10-millimeter versions. The technology should make it possible to image areas that are inaccessible today.
Technology Research News December 31, 2003 Eric Smalley	Light frozen in place Researchers at Harvard University have trapped and held a light pulse still for a few hundredths of a millisecond.
Technology Research News June 4, 2003 Eric Smalley	Shock waves tune light Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have used a computer simulation to show that sending shock waves through photonic crystals could lead to faster and cheaper telecommunications devices, more efficient solar cells, and advances in quantum computing.
Chemistry World December 20, 2011 Simon Hadlington	pH adjustable protein micro-lenses Scientists in China have used a common protein to create tiny optical lenses, a few tens of micrometres in diameter, whose focus can be adjusted simply by changing the pH of the surrounding medium.
IEEE Spectrum October 2005 Paniccia & Koehl	The Silicon Solution In the future, ordinary silicon chips will move data using light rather than electrons, unleashing nearly limitless bandwidth and revolutionizing computing
Chemistry World March 29, 2011	A Single Scale Tells More Than a Whole Wing Scientists in China have made zinc oxide replicas of single scales from butterfly wings to understand and exploit their optical properties for sensor and solar cell applications.
Chemistry World November 17, 2014 James Urquhart	Beetle behind breath test for bank notes Simply breathing on money could soon reveal if it's the real deal or counterfeit thanks to a beetle-inspired ink that reversibly changes color in response to humidity.
IEEE Spectrum February 2012 Neil Savage	Nanostructures Catch the Light Razor-thin solar cells could be cheap but need a little help holding light in
Technology Research News June 16, 2004	Laser Tweezer Grabs Varied Specks Researchers have advanced the use of optical tweezers with a method that allows them to simultaneously trap and independently manipulate microscopic materials that have different indices of refraction.
Military & Aerospace Electronics August 2008 John Keller	DARPA seeks proposals on photonic delays as a building block for optical computing Scientists at the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency are trying to find compact, robust ways to control the flow of photons in future applications of optical computing.
Technology Research News March 9, 2005 Eric Smalley	Wire Guides Terahertz Waves Among the challenges to making terahertz sensing and imaging applications more practical is finding ways to direct the waves to specific targets. Researchers have now shown that a piece of stainless steel wire 9/10ths of a millimeter in diameter causes terahertz waves to propagate in the space around wire.
Scientific American August 2005 Steven Ashley	Making Light of Silicon Scientists at UCLA and Intel have obtained coherent photons of light from silicon. This low cost alternative to "exotic" semiconductor materials currently used as lasers will pave the way for many technological advances.
InternetNews February 17, 2005 Michael Singer	Intel Beams Up Silicon The ability to build a laser from standard silicon could lead to inexpensive optical devices that move data inside and between computers.
Chemistry World January 28, 2008 Lewis Brindley	Colourful Crystals Monitor Humidity Chinese chemists have developed a material that changes color according to the humidity of the air around it.
Technology Research News March 9, 2005	Silicon Chip Laser Goes Continuous Useful lasers made from silicon would make it possible to move data between and within computer chips using light rather than electricity. This would make for faster chips that could be more tightly integrated with optical communications equipment.
IEEE Spectrum September 2010 Schow et al.	Get on the Optical Bus IBM's light-powered links overcome the greatest speed bump in supercomputing: interconnect bandwidth
Chemistry World May 18, 2009 James Urquhart	Tailored colors for photonic crystals Korean and US scientists have permanently fixed the color of block copolymer photonic crystals by swelling photonic gels and 'freezing' them as they display the desired color.
The Motley Fool February 12, 2004 Seth Jayson	Intel Sees the Light Company researchers reach a breakthrough in optical computing.
Chemistry World February 3, 2011 Ben Merison	The mystery of the disappearing crystals UK chemists have analysed a fifty year old sample to find out why and say that it's down to impurities. This takes researchers a step closer to understanding why certain pharmaceutical drugs lose their therapeutic effect.
The Motley Fool August 5, 2010 Eric Wesoff	Can a Disruptive PV Technology Topple First Solar? We list a few candidates for a "new black swan improbable pyro-nano-quantum-thingamajig technology" to displace thin-film PV.
Reactive Reports December 2006 David Bradley	Biomolecules Out on a Wing Photonic crystals give butterflies their beautiful colors and synthetic versions are now being developed for a range of technological applications.
Military & Aerospace Electronics January 2009 Todd Stocker	Getting More Out of Today's Pulse/Pattern Generators Modern pulse/pattern generators give users a lot of control over the signals they create. Going beyond basic settings will allow designers and test engineers to better match outputs to application needs and improve test results.