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Technology Research News October 22, 2003	Nanowires boost plastic circuits The move is on to develop flexible, cheap, plastic electronics, but so far organic circuits have fallen far short of silicon chip performance. Researchers from the Hahn-Meitner Institute in Germany have moved the field forward with a new way to make flexible transistors.
IEEE Spectrum May 2013 Alexander Hellemans	Nanowire Transistors Could Keep Moore's Law Alive Researchers are perfecting ways to produce gate-all-around devices
Technology Research News October 8, 2003	Process orders nanowire arrays Harvard University researchers have found a way to neatly layer and pattern rows of nanowires.
Technology Research News December 17, 2003	Organic transistors get small Researchers from Cornell University have shown that it is possible to fabricate useful organic thin film transistors that have a channel length as small as 30 nanometers. The smaller the channel, the faster the transistor. Previously, organic TFT channel lengths were limited to about 100 nm.
Technology Research News August 25, 2004	Hybrid Nanowire Makes Transistor One challenge in making minuscule electronic devices from nanoscale components is wiring the components together. Researchers have found a way to transform sections of semiconducting silicon nanowires into metallic, or conducting, nickel silicide.
Technology Research News January 28, 2004 Eric Smalley	Chemicals map nanowire arrays There are two challenges to getting nanowire arrays ready for prime time -- finding ways of accessing any particular nanowire junction, and connecting the devices to the outside world. Chemically modifying the right junctions could solve both problems.
Technology Research News June 4, 2003	DNA part makes transistor Researchers from the University of Lecce in Italy and the University of Bologna in Italy have produced a transistor made from a derivative of one of the four bases that make up DNA.
Technology Research News March 23, 2005	Layers promise cheap circuits The challenge is making organic transistors that work well electronically.
IEEE Spectrum October 2007 Bohr et al.	The High-k Solution Microprocessors coming out this fall are the result of the first big redesign in CMOS transistors since the late 1960s.
Technology Research News February 23, 2005	Tiny transistors sniff chemicals Researchers from the University of Texas at Austin have found that the chemical sensing abilities of infinitesimally small transistors made from thin films of the organic crystal pentacene are quite different from those of larger transistors made from the same materials.
Technology Research News March 24, 2004	Nanowires span silicon contacts One challenge in making electronics at the size-scale of molecules is finding ways to position and attach nanowires to the tiny components. Researchers from Hewlett-Packard Laboratories have succeeded in growning nanowires between electrodes.
Technology Research News September 8, 2004	Nanotube Transistor Has Power Aiming to make electrical componets faster, researchers are working to make components from carbon nanotubes, which are rolled-up sheets of carbon atoms that can be smaller than a nanometer in diameter.
Technology Research News January 28, 2004	Nanotubes tied to silicon circuit Connecting minuscule nanotube transistors to traditional silicon transistors enables the atomic-scale electronics to communicate with existing electronic equipment.
Technology Research News June 4, 2003 Kimberly Patch	Plastic transistors go vertical Researchers from the University of Cambridge in England have brought inexpensive, practical organic transistors a step closer to your grocery cart by devising a pair of processes that form small, vertical transistors from layers of printed polymer.
IEEE Spectrum September 2008	Paper Transistor Researchers from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, in Portugal, say they've made a transistor in which paper acts as a functional component.
Technology Research News June 16, 2004	Silicon Nanowires Grown in Place Researchers have found a way to grow nanowires between pairs of metal electrodes deposited on silicon wafers.
Technology Research News July 2, 2003	Process puts nanotubes in place University of California at Berkeley researchers have found a way to grow silicon nanowires and carbon nanotubes directly on delicate microelectronic components.
Technology Research News March 26, 2003	Tilted trenches turn out tiny wires Researchers from UCLA, UCSB, and Cal Tech have found a way to make arrays of closely-spaced and crossed metal and semiconductor nanowires.
Technology Research News October 6, 2004	Crystal structure tunes nanowires A new process that controls the crystal structure of nanowires made from specific semiconductors may enable electronic components, such as light-emitting diodes and laser diodes, with tunable properties.
Chemistry World November 29, 2011 Kate McAlpine	Print quality nanotubes control LED switching Researchers in California have developed a way to print transistors made of carbon nanotubes and have used them to turn an organic light emitting diode on and off.
IEEE Spectrum December 2007 Joshua J Romero	Japanese Engineers Turn High-k Dielectric Transistor Problem on Its Head One gate metal and two high-k dielectrics could mean a cheaper and easier 45-nanometer CMOS manufacturing process for transistors.
Technology Research News October 22, 2003 Eric Smalley	Nanowires make flexible circuits Nanowires might one day be used to make microscopic machines. But before then they could help liberate computer circuits from the rigid, expensive confines of silicon chips. A process that makes thin films from semiconductor nanowires improves the prospects for plastic electronics and electronic paper.
Technology Research News March 23, 2005	Nanowires track molecular activity Researchers from Harvard University have found a way to use transistors made from silicon nanowires to gain information about how small molecules bind to proteins.
IEEE Spectrum May 2011 Wager & Hoffman	Thin, Fast, and Flexible Semiconductors Amorphous oxide semiconductors promise to make flat-panel displays faster and sharper than today's silicon standby.
PC World December 3, 2001 Martyn Williams	AMD Announces Another Chip Advance Company's new transistor is five times smaller than current models, leading to faster and more complex chips...
Technology Research News March 9, 2005	Nanotubes Boost Molecular Devices Researchers have constructed an extremely small transistor from a pair of single-walled carbon nanotubes and organic molecules. The tiny transistor could eventually be used in ultra-low-power electronics.
Technology Research News December 3, 2003	Carbon boosts plastic circuits Researchers from the California Institute of Technology have devised an inexpensive way to add better-conducting organic source and drain electrodes to organic thin-film transistors.
IEEE Spectrum November 2011 Ahmed & Schuegraf	Transistor Wars Rival architectures face off in a bid to keep Moore's Law alive. In May, Intel announced the most dramatic change to the architecture of the transistor since the device was invented.
Technology Research News June 2, 2004	Plastic Nanowires Sense Gasses Cornell University researchers have devised a simple way to position conducting polymer nanowires on an electrode, and have made a prototype high-speed chemical detector that is capable of sensing minuscule amounts of ammonia gas.
IEEE Spectrum February 2005 Alexander Hellemans	Strange Bedfellows Hybrid microcircuits, incorporating the desirable properties of the III-V compounds with those of cheap and ubiquitous silicon substrates, might soon find an important niche in electronics after all.
Technology Research News April 23, 2003	Casting yields non-carbon nanotubes Researchers from the University of California at Berkeley have developed a method of making minuscule tubes of gallium nitride that have useful electrical and optical properties.
Technology Research News April 7, 2004 Eric Smalley	Angle speeds plastic transistor Going with the flow is a good way to pick up speed, particularly for plastic transistors. Rotating the crystal 180 degrees can change the transistor's performance by as much as 3.5 times.
Chemistry World February 5, 2007 Lionel Milgrom	Hafnium Oxide Helps Make Chips Smaller and Faster Intel and IBM have announced that they will use dramatically different materials to build smaller, faster transistors for their next generation of chips.
Technology Research News February 26, 2003	Stamp bangs out plastic circuits Today's transistors are etched from silicon wafers in a multi-step process that involves laser beams, chemicals and clean rooms. A simpler process would make for cheaper computer chips, and a gentler process would allow for transistors of different materials.
IEEE Spectrum November 2007 Sarah Adee	Transistors Go Vertical The semiconductor industry fights silicon sprawl by building up, not out. Today's CMOS transistor is planar, but chip makers are exploring more power-efficient three-dimensional structures as well as a planar structure with two gates.
Technology Research News June 18, 2003 Kimberly Patch	Prefab key to molecular memory Nano-devices promise to use molecules as super-fast computer circuits, store fantastic amounts of information in a minuscule area and sense minute amounts of chemicals and biological materials. Researchers have brought these possibilities a step closer.
Technology Research News May 5, 2004 Eric Smalley	Memory Stores Three Bits in One Researchers have built a prototype molecular memory device that stores three bits in the same spot, multiplying storage density without increasing the device footprint.
CIO January 1, 2003 Matthew W. Beale	Unseen Stripes Imagine a nanowire -- 10,000 times thinner than a human hair -- that can function as a transistor, a light-emitting diode, a biochemical sensor and many other devices, all along a single candy-striped strand.
Technology Research News July 30, 2003	Crystal cracks nurture nanowires Researchers from the University of Tokyo in Japan have devised a way to form titanium nanowires within an intentionally flawed sapphire.
IEEE Spectrum November 2007 Samuel K. Moore	Intel 45-Nanometer Penryn Processors Arrive Penryn chips are the result of the first fundamental redesign of the CMOS transistor
IEEE Spectrum September 2008 Peide D. Ye	Beyond Silicon's Elemental Logic In the quest for speed, key parts of micro-processors may soon be made of gallium arsenide or other III-V semiconductors
InternetNews January 27, 2007 Andy Patrizio	Intel Breakthrough Keeps Moore's Law on Track Intel dispenses with silicon for the first time in 40 years in its effort to make smaller, faster and less power-hungry chips.
Technology Research News January 14, 2004	Nanotubes grown on plastic Researchers from the University of Cambridge in England have devised a way to grow vertical forests of carbon nanotubes on flexible plastic.
IEEE Spectrum May 2006 Harry Goldstein	GaAsing Up Cellphones Gallium arsenide transistors could power tiny, blazingly fast multimedia handsets.
IEEE Spectrum January 2012 Rachel Courtland	3-D Chips Grow Up In 2012, 3-D chips will help extend Moore's Law - and move beyond it.
IEEE Spectrum May 2011 Keane & Kim	Transistor Aging Measuring the degradation of microprocessors is tricky. Doing it better would unleash more processing power.
Chemistry World December 10, 2009 Simon Hadlington	Flexible organic flash memory Researchers have succeeded in making an elusive component of organic electronics: a flash memory transistor that can be incorporated into a thin, flexible plastic sheet.
IEEE Spectrum January 2012 Rachel Courtland	Start-up Seeks New Life for Planar Transistors SuVolta is pursuing precision doping in its bid to compete with 3-D transistor technology
Technology Research News June 18, 2003	See-through circuits closer The transparent computer displays featured in the film Minority Report were made possible by special effects, but real-world transparent electronics are on the horizon.
Technology Research News December 17, 2003	Chemists grow nano menagerie Researchers from Sandia National Laboratories have found a simple way to make tiny, complicated shapes from zinc oxide, including arrays of vertically-aligned rods, flat disks, and columns that resemble stacks of coins.